Nomograms of conditions for determining emissions of harmful substances from exhaust gases. Nomograms of conditions for determining emissions of harmful substances from exhaust gases The procedure for preparing for tests and the conditions for their conduct

GOST 17.2.2.05-97

INTERSTATE STANDARD

PROTECTION OF NATURE

ATMOSPHERE

STANDARDS AND METHODS OF DETERMINATION
EMISSIONS OF HARMFUL SUBSTANCES WITH SPENT
GASES OF DIESELS, TRACTORS AND SELF-PROPELLED
AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY

INTERSTATE COUNCIL
ON STANDARDIZATION, METROLOGY AND CERTIFICATION

Minsk

Preface

1. DEVELOPED by the Russian Federation

INTRODUCED by Gosstandart of Russia

2. ADOPTED by the Interstate Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification (Protocol No. 12-97 of November 21, 1997)

State name	Name of the national standardization body
The Republic of Azerbaijan	Azgosstandart
Republic of Armenia	Armgosstandard
Republic of Belarus	State Standard of Belarus
Georgia	Gruzstandart
The Republic of Kazakhstan	Gosstandart of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Kyrgyz Republic	Kyrgyzstandard
The Republic of Moldova	Moldovastandard
Russian Federation	Gosstandart of Russia
The Republic of Tajikistan	Tajikgosstandart
Turkmenistan	Main State Inspectorate of Turkmenistan
The Republic of Uzbekistan	Uzgosstandart

3. By Decree of the State Committee of the Russian Federation for Standardization, Metrology and Certification dated March 25, 1998 No. 81, the interstate standard GOST 17.2.2.05-97 was put into effect directly as the state standard of the Russian Federation on July 1, 1999.

4. INSTEAD GOST 17.2.2.05-86

GOST 17.2.2.05-97

INTERSTATE STANDARD

Protection of Nature

ATMOSPHERE

Standards and methods for determining emissions of harmful substances from exhaust gases of diesel engines, tractors and self-propelled agricultural machines

Date of introduction 1999-07-01

1 AREA OF USE

This standard applies to: newly manufactured and overhauled diesel engines of tractors and self-propelled agricultural machines (hereinafter referred to as diesel engines); agricultural, industrial and forestry diesel tractors, including those used as a base for road construction machines and machines used in public utilities and forestry, self-propelled diesel tractor chassis (hereinafter referred to as tractors); self-propelled agricultural machines (hereinafter referred to as machines); tractors and machines in operation, designed to operate or operating under conditions of unlimited and limited air exchange - and establishes standards for emissions of harmful substances from exhaust gases (hereinafter referred to as emissions) and methods for their determination.

The standard does not apply to small-sized tractors, other mobile small-scale mechanization equipment and diesel engines for them.

2. REGULATORY REFERENCES

This standard uses references to the following standards:

GOST 17.2.2.02-98 Nature conservation. Atmosphere. Standards and methods for determining the opacity of exhaust gases of diesel engines, tractors and self-propelled agricultural machines;

GOST 7057-81 (ST SEV 4764-84) Agricultural tractors. Test methods

GOST 18509-88 Tractor and combine diesel engines. Bench test methods

GOST 23734-79 Industrial tractors. Test methods

3. DEFINITIONS

In this standard, the following terms with corresponding definitions apply:

3.1.Emissions- harmful substances entering the atmosphere along with exhaust gases from the exhaust system of a diesel engine, tractor or machine.

3.2.Specific emission- emission per unit of work performed by a diesel engine, tractor or machine on the flywheel or output shaft of the diesel engine.

3.3.Places with unlimited and limited air exchange- according to GOST 17.2.2.02.

4. NOTATIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS

D B- internal diameter of a straight section of the exhaust pipeline of the test bench, exhaust pipe of a tractor or machine or extension pipe, mm.

F A - environmental indicator.

IN'okr - dry air pressure, kPa.

INokr- atmospheric pressure, kPa.

Relative humidity of ambient air, %.

P S - partial pressure of saturated water vapor at a given ambient temperature, kPa.

T ambient- ambient air temperature, K.

d - content of water vapor in the air at the entrance to the device for measuring air flow, g/kg.

Humidity correction factor for nitrogen oxides.

G T- diesel fuel consumption, kg/h.

G B- air flow entering the diesel cylinders, kg/h.

FCO- humidity correction factor for carbon monoxide (II).

Mass emission of nitrogen oxides, g/h.

Volume concentration of nitrogen oxides, ppm.

G CO - mass emission of carbon monoxide (II), g/h.

W CO - volumetric concentration of carbon monoxide, ppm.

G CH - mass emission of total hydrocarbons, g/h.

W CH - volumetric concentration of total hydrocarbons, ppm.

- specific emission of nitrogen oxides, g/(kWh).

Specific carbon monoxide emissions, g/(kWh).

Specific emission of total hydrocarbons, g/(kWh).

TOB - weight coefficient of the mode in which emissions were determined.

N e - the power of a diesel engine, equipped with all its servicing equipment and installed on a test bench, or the power of a diesel engine, reduced to the flywheel, installed on a tractor or machine, in the mode in which emissions were determined.

PTO - power take-off shaft.

PGS - calibration gas mixture.

5. EMISSION STANDARDS

5.1. The specific emission values of newly manufactured and overhauled diesel engines, tractors and machines at repair plants should not exceed the standards given in.

Table 1

	Specific emissions, g/(kW∙h), during air exchange
	unlimited	limited
Nitrogen oxides	18,0
Carbon monoxide	10,0
Hydrocarbons
Notes 1. Emission standards for nitrogen oxides are established based on the sum of nitrogen oxides reduced to nitrogen oxide (IV). 2. Hydrocarbon emission standards are established based on the amount of hydrocarbons reduced to the conventional composition C 1 H 1.85

5.2. The specific emission values of tractors and machines in operation should not exceed the standards given in.

table 2

6. TESTING INSTRUMENTS

6.1. The concentration of harmful substances in exhaust gases is measured using high-speed continuous gas analyzers:

Nitrogen oxides - a gas analyzer of chemiluminescent type with a converter of nitrogen oxide (IV) to nitrogen oxide (II);

Carbon monoxide (II) - a non-disperse type gas analyzer with absorption in the infrared part of the spectrum;

Total hydrocarbons - with a gas analyzer of flame ionization type.

The procedure for calibrating gas analyzers is according to.

6.2. The sampling line for total hydrocarbons and the recording device of gas analyzers must have a heating system that ensures their temperature is 180-200 °C, and the sampling line for nitrogen oxides must be at least 70 °C; All heated sampling lines must be equipped with a heated particulate filter.

You can use a common line heated to 180-200 °C to supply samples to various gas analyzers.

6.3. The sampling probe is a tube with a closed end and holes in its cylindrical part; the total area of the holes must be at least .

6.4. Test stands equipped with loading devices, including stands with running drums or with an endless belt, measuring instruments for torque, crankshaft speed, PTO shaft end or drive wheels, fuel consumption, temperature of engine oil, diesel fuel and ambient air, atmospheric pressure and other parameters - according to GOST 18509, GOST 7057 and GOST 25734.

7. PROCEDURE FOR PREPARATION FOR TESTS AND CONDITIONS FOR THEIR CONDUCT

7.1. Installation, fastening of a diesel engine, tractor or machine on test benches equipped with loading devices, or on the site, connection of the flywheel, PTO shank, drive axles, belt pulley with a loading device, fuel supply conditions - in accordance with GOST 18509, GOST 7057, GOST 23734, as well as technical specifications, operational and repair documentation for tractors and machines of specific brands.

7.2. Diesel emissions are determined during bench tests according to GOST 18509.

7.3. Emissions from tractors with a PTO mechanically connected to the diesel crankshaft, which is not synchronous and intended to transmit maximum power, are determined when braking the PTO shaft in accordance with GOST 7057 and GOST 23734.

7.4. Emissions from tractors that have a PTO mechanically connected to the diesel crankshaft and are synchronous and (or) not intended to transmit maximum power, or do not have a PTO mechanically connected to the diesel crankshaft, are determined when braking the axles of the drive wheels or when testing on benches with running drums or endless belt.

7.5. Emissions from vehicles are determined during braking of diesel engines installed on them through driving or driven belt pulleys, through driving or driven chain sprockets or through other components of the transmission or on stands with running drums or an endless belt.

7.6. Emissions are determined if the design of tractors and machines ensures that the diesel engines installed on them operate in the modes specified.

Table 3

	Torque, % of torque at full fuel supply at a given speed mode	Mode weight coefficient
1. Minimum stable		0,0833
2. Corresponding to the maximum torque		0,0800
3. Same		0,0800
4. "		0,0800
5. "		0,0800
6. "		0,2501
7. Minimum sustainable		0,0833
8. Nominal		0,1000
9. Too		0,0200
10. "		0,0200
eleven. "		0,0200
12. "		0,0200
13. Minimum stable		0,0833

7.7. Requirements for the installation of sampling probes, for diesel fuel and oils - according to section 7 of GOST 17.2.2.02.

7.8. Installation locations of gas analyzers relative to the sampling probe - according to the technical documentation for gas analyzers of specific brands.

7.9. Tests are carried out under atmospheric conditions satisfying condition (1) or.

.(1)

Meaning FAdetermined by the formulas:

For naturally aspirated diesel engines or with a mechanically driven compressor, as well as for tractors and machines with such diesel engines

;(2)

For diesel engines with turbocharging without intermediate cooling of charge air, as well as for tractors and machines with such diesel engines

;(3)

For diesel engines with turbocharging and intercooling of charge air, as well as for tractors and machines with such diesel engines

,(4)

Where (5)

7.10. Immediately before measuring the content of harmful substances in the exhaust gases, a diesel engine, tractor or machine must be warmed up so that the temperature values of the engine oil and (or) diesel coolant are within the limits recommended by the manufacturer of the diesel engine, tractor or machine.

7.11. Before testing, gas analyzers must be warmed up according to the instructions for their use.

8. TEST PROCEDURE

8.1. The content of harmful substances in the exhaust gases is determined when the diesel engine is operating at steady state in accordance with. Requirements for steady-state conditions - according to GOST 17.2.2.02.

8.2 Tests should be carried out within one day.

8.3. The torque during testing should not differ from that given in more than 2%, and the rotation speed - by more than 10 rpm.

8.4. The duration of sampling at each steady state must be at least 4 minutes.

8.5. Gas analyzer readings are recorded during at least the last three minutes of sampling in each mode.

8.6. Emissions of a diesel engine with a switchable booster or bypass valve of the booster system, as well as tractors and machines with such a diesel engine, are measured with the booster unit or bypass valve turned on and off.

8.7. Emissions from diesel engines having multiple exhaust manifolds, as well as from tractors and machinery having two or more exhaust pipes, should be measured in each exhaust pipe of the test bench, in each exhaust pipe or in each extension pipe.

9. RULES FOR PROCESSING TEST RESULTS

9.1. The content of water vapor in the air at the entrance to the device for measuring air flow is calculated using the formula

.(6)

9.2. Humidity correction factors for nitrogen oxides and carbon (II) monoxide are calculated using the formulas:

11.2. The error in calculations should be no more than 0.2%.

APPENDIX A

(required)

PROCEDURE FOR CALIBRATION OF GAS ANALYZERS

A.1. Calibration of gas analyzers is carried out:

PGS;

Nitric oxide (II) in nitrogen for nitrogen oxide gas analyzers;

Carbon (II) monoxide in nitrogen for carbon monoxide gas analyzers;

Propane or methane in synthetic air or nitrogen for total hydrocarbon gas analyzers;

Test zero gas - air or zero gas according to the instructions for the gas analyzer.

Technical characteristics of the ASG and zero calibration gas - according to the technical documentation for the ASG and zero calibration gas of specific brands.

Each ASG must be accompanied by a passport certifying its parameters: the concentration of the main gas in the filler gas, the error in the preparation of the ASG, and the expiration date.

A.2. Each range used is calibrated at two scale points with using ASG or zero gas. In this case, PGS is used, the nominal concentration value of which is more than 80% of the scale of the tested measurement range.

A.3. If, after feeding the gas analyzer into the gas analyzer, its readings differ from the nominal value of the gas analyzer by no more than 5% of the upper scale limit, the gas analyzer adjustment parameters can be changedto achieve the required indications. Otherwise, it is necessary to identify the malfunction, eliminate it and recalibrate.

A.4. The sampling system is checked for leaks.

The sample probe must be disconnected from the exhaust system and its end plugged.

The gas analyzer pump must be turned on.

After the stabilization period, all flow meters should show “O”. Otherwise, it is necessary to identify and eliminate the defect, and then repeat the tests.

A.5. The sampling line is checked for speed.

The sampler is supplied with measuring gas of different concentrations by switching from zero to measuring gas. The time for supplying the measuring gas before reading 90% of the supplied gas concentration, which determines the performance of the gas analyzer, should not be more than specified in the technical documentation for gas analyzers of specific brands. If, after a stabilization period, the gas analyzer shows a lower concentration of the measuring gas compared to the initial concentration, it is necessary to identify and eliminate the defect, and then repeat the tests.

A.6. Calibrations are carried out before and after tests using the same gas.

The measurement results are considered reliable if the readings of the gas analyzers during calibration before and after testing differ by no more than 3%.

APPENDIX B

(informative)

NOMOGRAMS FOR DETERMINING EMISSIONS OF HARMFUL SUBSTANCES FROM EXHAUST GASES

B.1. Emissions are determined if the point corresponding to the values of atmospheric pressure and ambient air temperature measured during testing is located within the field indicated on the nomogram or at its boundaries.

B.2. Nomograms that establish the possibility of determining emissions are shown in the figures:

B.1 - for diesel engines without turbocharging or with a mechanical compressor drive, as well as tractors and machines with such diesel engines;

Testing organization, date, place and type of test

1. Brand of diesel engine, tractor or machine, their serial numbers and operating hours

2. Plant - manufacturer of the tractor or machine and its address__________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

3. Diesel manufacturer plant and its address__________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

4. Brand of diesel fuel used for testing ___________________

___________________________________________________________________________

5. Emission values of a diesel engine, tractor or machine, g/(kW∙h), obtained during testing and emission standards established by this standard:

Nitrogen oxides -

Carbon monoxide (II) -

Hydrocarbons -

6. Type, brand and manufacturer of gas analyzers ___________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

7. Decision on compliance or non-compliance of a diesel engine, tractor or machine with the requirements of this standard

Responsible for testing (position, last name, first name, patronymic)_________________

___________________________________________________________________________

SignaturePlace of seal

Key words: emissions of harmful substances, exhaust gases, diesel engines, tractors, agricultural machines

Group T58

STATE STANDARD OF THE USSR UNION

PROTECTION OF NATURE. ATMOSPHERE

Standards and methods for measuring exhaust opacity

gases of tractor and combine diesel engines GOST

Nature protection. Atmosphere. Rates and 17.2.2.02-86

testing methods of exhaust smoke from tractor and combine diesel engines

By Decree of the USSR State Committee on Standards dated March 25, 1986 No. 684, the validity period was established

from 01.01.90 to 01.01.95

This standard applies to tractor and combine diesel engines and establishes standards and methods for measuring exhaust gas opacity during bench tests.

The standard does not apply to diesel engines of walk-behind tractors and tractors of class 0.2.

The terms used in this standard and their explanations are given in Reference Appendix 1.

1. SMOKE STANDARDS

1.1. The smokiness of exhaust gases from tractor and combine diesel engines should not exceed the maximum permissible standards specified in the table.

1.2. Compliance of the opacity of diesel exhaust gases with established standards should be determined during preliminary and certification tests in accordance with GOST 18509-88.

Official publication

Reproduction is prohibited

GOST 17.2.2.02-86

Note. Intermediate values should be determined by linear interpolation.

2. METHODS OF MEASUREMENT

2.1. Preparation for testing

2.1.1. The completeness of the diesel engine during tests to measure exhaust gas opacity must comply with the conditions for determining operating power in accordance with GOST 18509-88.

2.1.2. The diesel exhaust system must be equipped in accordance with mandatory Appendix 2.

2.1.3. A device for measuring exhaust gas opacity - in accordance with mandatory Appendix 3.

2.1.4. Fuel and oil must comply with the requirements of standards and (or) technical specifications for fuel and oil. It is recommended to use fuel with a density of (0.823± ±0.005) t/m3. Testing on fuel with an anti-smoke additive is not permitted.

2.2. Testing

2.2.1. Tests should be carried out in one day without interruption.

Atmospheric conditions under which tests are allowed must ensure that the relation is fulfilled

(103 Y>.65 /* ok p+273

GV^G/ * \ 293

where B ok p - atmospheric pressure, kPa; toKp - air temperature, °C.

2.2.2. Diesel temperature conditions are in accordance with GOST 18509-88.

2.2.3. Before testing, the regulatory characteristics of the diesel engine are taken in accordance with GOST 18509-88. Operating power, maximum torque, speed and

GOST 17.2.2.02-86

Specific fuel consumption at operating power mode must comply with the technical specifications for a diesel engine.

2.2.4. During testing, the following should be recorded: exhaust gas smoke, m^1 (or%); crankshaft rotation speed, rpm; torque, Nm;

volumetric air flow, dm 3 /s;

coolant temperature at the diesel inlet, °C; oil temperature in the sump or in front of the oil cooler, С С;

fuel temperature at the inlet to the coarse fuel filter (in the absence of a filter - at the inlet to the fuel priming pump), °C;

temperature of the exhaust gases in the measuring chamber of the smoke meter, °C;

ambient air temperature, °C; atmospheric pressure, kPa.

The error of the measuring instruments used is in accordance with GOST 18509-88.

2.2.5. The opacity of exhaust gases of diesel engines intended for installation on tractors, which, according to the technical documentation of the manufacturer, are intended for use in places with limited air exchange (greenhouses, livestock complexes, mines, etc.), is measured at a steady state of diesel operation at six frequency values rotation at equal intervals from l N ohm to the greater of 0.55 “nom or Ptah with rounding of the obtained values within 10 rpm, and maximum torque values for each rotation speed.

Note.

l P1 ax - rotation speed at maximum torque,

p nom - rated rotation speed.

2.2.6. The opacity of exhaust gases from diesel tractors with a mechanical step transmission, not intended for use in places with limited air exchange, is measured at steady state at the rotation speeds specified in paragraph 2.2.5 and torque values constituting 80% of the maximum for each rotation speed.

2.2.7. The opacity of exhaust gases from diesel engines of tractors with any type of transmission, except mechanical step transmission, not intended for use in places with limited air exchange, and combine diesel engines is measured in full mode at 80% of the maximum torque value for a given rotation speed.

4 Order.. 2)6198

GOST 17.2.2.02-86

2.2.8. For diesel engines with a switchable boost or bypass valve, the exhaust smoke should be measured with the charger and bypass valve turned on and off. The larger value of two dimensions is taken as an evaluation indicator.

2.2.9. For V-shaped diesel engines, smoke is measured in the common exhaust pipe. If the design of the diesel engine does not provide for the integration of pipelines, smoke is measured for each row of cylinders separately, and the larger value of these measurements is taken as an evaluation indicator.

2.2.10. Smokiness in each mode is measured three times. The time interval between two consecutive measurements in each mode should not exceed 1 minute. The arithmetic mean of three measurements in each mode is taken as the measurement result. The deviation of readings in a given mode should not exceed 4% on the linear scale of a smoke meter with an effective base of 0.43 m.

2.2.11. A diesel engine meets the requirements of this standard if the smoke measurement results in each given mode do not exceed the standards specified in the table corresponding to this mode.

2.3. Safety requirements

2.3.1. Safety precautions and industrial sanitation requirements are in accordance with GOST 18509-88.

2.3.2. Sanitary and hygienic requirements for air at the testers’ workplaces (near the control panel) are in accordance with GOST 12.1.005-88.

2.3.3. Noise levels at the testers' workplaces (near the control panel) must comply with GOST 12.1.003-83 for the category of workplaces for drivers and tractor maintenance personnel.

GOST 17.2.2.02-86

APPENDIX I Reference

TERMS USED IN THE STANDARD AND THEIR EXPLANATIONS

	Poi s no pi I
1. Smoke content of spent hectares	Definition according to GOST 17D. 1.02-76

2. Smoke meter	Exhaust gas opacity measuring device
3. Natural indicator of wasps
fondling
4. Attenuation coefficient	Expressed as a percentage, the attenuation of the light flux forming a parallel beam, caused by its absorption and scattering by exhaust gases passing through the measuring volume of the smoke meter a
5. Effective smoke base	The thickness of an optically homogeneous layer of exhaust gases, equivalent in attenuation of the luminous flux to the exhaust gases passing through the measuring volume of the smoke meter

GOST 17.2.2.02-86

APPENDIX 2 Mandatory

DIESEL EXHAUST SYSTEM EQUIPMENT

1. When measuring the opacity of exhaust gases, the diesel exhaust system must be equipped with a sampling probe, devices that provide the necessary gas sampling mode (dampers, receiver, heat exchanger), as well as a device for removing gases entering the smoke meter.

2. The diesel exhaust system, gas outlet device, sampling probe, exhaust system of the stand and their connections must not allow exhaust gas leakage or air leakage.

3. The sampling probe - a stainless steel tube - must be located in a straight section of the outlet pipe with an internal diameter O at a distance of 6 D from the inlet section and at least 3 D from its outlet section so that the inlet hole of the probe is located along the axis and faces towards the flow of exhaust gases. The straight section of the exhaust pipe must be located at a distance of at least 2 m from the diesel exhaust manifold. If necessary, it is allowed to use an extension pipe, hermetically connected to the end of the exhaust pipe.

The internal diameter of the probe d must be at least 0.225 D for D> 100 mm and no more than 25 mm for DC100 mm.

For short-term use (testing up to 100 diesel engines), it is allowed to make the probe from structural steel.

4. If there is an exhaust gas neutralizer(s) in the exhaust system of the tractor (or combine) (with the exception of a liquid neutralizer), the probe is installed in compliance with the requirements set out in l. 3 of this appendix, after the neutralizer(s). If a liquid neutralizer is used, the probe is installed in front of it.

5. To reduce pressure fluctuations in the exhaust gas flow, it is allowed to install a receiver with a volume of 5-40 liters in the sampling line as close as possible to the probe. It is recommended to make the receiver in the form of a “pipe-in-pipe” device, the smaller of which with a diameter d, having a ring cut 5 c long in the middle, is connected to the gas supply pipe smoke meter a (coaxially).

It is allowed to place a controlled damper or other device to increase pressure in the outlet pipe at a distance ns less than 3 0 behind the probe. In this case, the diesel exhaust system at the stand must create a pressure in the exhaust manifold (for a diesel engine without turbocharging) or a pressure after the turbocharger turbine (for a diesel engine with turbocharging) that differs by no more than 650 G1a from the upper limit value at the operating power mode specified by the enterprise - the manufacturer.

6. The gas supply pipe connecting the sampling probe with the cooler and receiver (if any) and the smoke meter must have a length of no more than 3.5 m and be located with an elevation towards the smoke meter a. The pipe must be sealed, without sharp bends, roughness and elements that contribute to the accumulation of soot. It is allowed to install an adjustable damper and water separator in the gas supply pipe.

GOST 17.2.2.02-86

APPENDIX 3 Mandatory

BASIC REQUIREMENTS FOR A SMOKE METER

1. The smoke meter must work using the method of scanning a column of exhaust gases of a certain length. The recommended length of the effective base of the smoke meter a is 0.43 m.

2. The smoke meter indicator must have two measuring scales: basic

nal, calibrated in units of natural attenuation index from 0 to °o (m-1), and auxiliary, linear, having 100 divisions ranging from 0 (the measuring chamber of the smoke meter is filled with clean air) to 100% (absolutely light-proof environment). The relationship between the main and auxiliary scales is determined by the following formula

where K is the natural attenuation index, m~ 1;

N - attenuation coefficient, %;

L-i effective smoke meter base, m.

It must be possible to read from the main scale with an accuracy of 0.0(25 m~* reading at 1.7 m~! and 0.5% (half division) from the linear scale over the entire measurement range.

3. If the effective base of the smoke meter used during testing is not equal to 0.43 m, then the readings taken on a linear scale must be reduced to the readings of the linear scale of the device with an effective base of 0.43 m according to the formula

where N L is the attenuation coefficient when measured by a smoke meter with an effective base L (m), %;

N - attenuation coefficient when measured with a smoke meter with an effective base of 0.43 m, %.

Group T58

STATE STANDARD OF THE USSR UNION

PROTECTION OF NATURE. ATMOSPHERE

Standards and methods for measuring exhaust opacity

gases of tractor and combine diesel engines GOST

Nature protection. Atmosphere. Rates and 17.2.2.02-86

testing methods of exhaust smoke from tractor and combine diesel engines

By Decree of the USSR State Committee on Standards dated March 25, 1986 No. 684, the validity period was established

from 01.01.90 to 01.01.95

This standard applies to tractor and combine diesel engines and establishes standards and methods for measuring exhaust gas opacity during bench tests.

The standard does not apply to diesel engines of walk-behind tractors and tractors of class 0.2.

The terms used in this standard and their explanations are given in Reference Appendix 1.

1. SMOKE STANDARDS

1.1. The smokiness of exhaust gases from tractor and combine diesel engines should not exceed the maximum permissible standards specified in the table.

1.2. Compliance of the opacity of diesel exhaust gases with established standards should be determined during preliminary and certification tests in accordance with GOST 18509-88.

Official publication

Reproduction is prohibited

GOST 17.2.2.02-86

Note. Intermediate values should be determined by linear interpolation.

2. METHODS OF MEASUREMENT

2.1. Preparation for testing

2.1.1. The completeness of the diesel engine during tests to measure exhaust gas opacity must comply with the conditions for determining operating power in accordance with GOST 18509-88.

2.1.2. The diesel exhaust system must be equipped in accordance with mandatory Appendix 2.

2.1.3. A device for measuring exhaust gas opacity - in accordance with mandatory Appendix 3.

2.1.4. Fuel and oil must comply with the requirements of standards and (or) technical specifications for fuel and oil. It is recommended to use fuel with a density of (0.823± ±0.005) t/m3. Testing on fuel with an anti-smoke additive is not permitted.

2.2. Testing

2.2.1. Tests should be carried out in one day without interruption.

Atmospheric conditions under which tests are allowed must ensure that the relation is fulfilled

(103 Y>.65 /* ok p+273

GV^G/ * \ 293

where B ok p - atmospheric pressure, kPa; toKp - air temperature, °C.

2.2.2. Diesel temperature conditions are in accordance with GOST 18509-88.

2.2.3. Before testing, the regulatory characteristics of the diesel engine are taken in accordance with GOST 18509-88. Operating power, maximum torque, speed and

GOST 17.2.2.02-86

Specific fuel consumption at operating power mode must comply with the technical specifications for a diesel engine.

2.2.4. During testing, the following should be recorded: exhaust gas smoke, m^1 (or%); crankshaft rotation speed, rpm; torque, Nm;

volumetric air flow, dm 3 /s;

coolant temperature at the diesel inlet, °C; oil temperature in the sump or in front of the oil cooler, С С;

fuel temperature at the inlet to the coarse fuel filter (in the absence of a filter - at the inlet to the fuel priming pump), °C;

temperature of the exhaust gases in the measuring chamber of the smoke meter, °C;

ambient air temperature, °C; atmospheric pressure, kPa.

The error of the measuring instruments used is in accordance with GOST 18509-88.

2.2.5. The opacity of exhaust gases of diesel engines intended for installation on tractors, which, according to the technical documentation of the manufacturer, are intended for use in places with limited air exchange (greenhouses, livestock complexes, mines, etc.), is measured at a steady state of diesel operation at six frequency values rotation at equal intervals from l N ohm to the greater of 0.55 “nom or Ptah with rounding of the obtained values within 10 rpm, and maximum torque values for each rotation speed.

Note.

l P1 ax - rotation speed at maximum torque,

p nom - rated rotation speed.

2.2.6. The opacity of exhaust gases from diesel tractors with a mechanical step transmission, not intended for use in places with limited air exchange, is measured at steady state at the rotation speeds specified in paragraph 2.2.5 and torque values constituting 80% of the maximum for each rotation speed.

2.2.7. The opacity of exhaust gases from diesel engines of tractors with any type of transmission, except mechanical step transmission, not intended for use in places with limited air exchange, and combine diesel engines is measured in full mode at 80% of the maximum torque value for a given rotation speed.

4 Order.. 2)6198

GOST 17.2.2.02-86

2.2.8. For diesel engines with a switchable boost or bypass valve, the exhaust smoke should be measured with the charger and bypass valve turned on and off. The larger value of two dimensions is taken as an evaluation indicator.

2.2.9. For V-shaped diesel engines, smoke is measured in the common exhaust pipe. If the design of the diesel engine does not provide for the integration of pipelines, smoke is measured for each row of cylinders separately, and the larger value of these measurements is taken as an evaluation indicator.

2.2.10. Smokiness in each mode is measured three times. The time interval between two consecutive measurements in each mode should not exceed 1 minute. The arithmetic mean of three measurements in each mode is taken as the measurement result. The deviation of readings in a given mode should not exceed 4% on the linear scale of a smoke meter with an effective base of 0.43 m.

2.2.11. A diesel engine meets the requirements of this standard if the smoke measurement results in each given mode do not exceed the standards specified in the table corresponding to this mode.

2.3. Safety requirements

2.3.1. Safety precautions and industrial sanitation requirements are in accordance with GOST 18509-88.

2.3.2. Sanitary and hygienic requirements for air at the testers’ workplaces (near the control panel) are in accordance with GOST 12.1.005-88.

2.3.3. Noise levels at the testers' workplaces (near the control panel) must comply with GOST 12.1.003-83 for the category of workplaces for drivers and tractor maintenance personnel.

GOST 17.2.2.02-86

APPENDIX I Reference

TERMS USED IN THE STANDARD AND THEIR EXPLANATIONS

	Poi s no pi I
1. Smoke content of spent hectares	Definition according to GOST 17D. 1.02-76

2. Smoke meter	Exhaust gas opacity measuring device
3. Natural indicator of wasps
fondling
4. Attenuation coefficient	Expressed as a percentage, the attenuation of the light flux forming a parallel beam, caused by its absorption and scattering by exhaust gases passing through the measuring volume of the smoke meter a
5. Effective smoke base	The thickness of an optically homogeneous layer of exhaust gases, equivalent in attenuation of the luminous flux to the exhaust gases passing through the measuring volume of the smoke meter