The richest people in the world. The richest people in the world Ranking of the richest

American Forbes on Tuesday, March 1, published its annual, anniversary - 30th - ranking of the world's billionaires. The list included 77 representatives of Russia, 11 less than a year earlier: large businesses continue to suffer losses due to the economic crisis, the collapse of oil prices and the sanctions war with the West. The Russian part of the rating was headed - for the first time in history - by the co-owner of Novatek and Sibur, Leonid Mikhelson. Read more about the ten richest Russians and four newcomers from Russia on the list in our gallery.

1. Leonid Mikhelson

Net worth: $14.4 billion

Change for the year: + $2.7 billion

Place in the world ranking: 60 Leonid Mikhelson is the main shareholder of the largest independent gas producer in Russia Novatek and the petrochemical holding Sibur. He also owns a minority stake in Promsvyazbank. Mikhelson's partner at Novatek and Sibur is Gennady Timchenko. Another co-owner of the petrochemical holding is Kirill Shamalov, whom the media call the alleged husband of Katerina Tikhonova, the alleged daughter of Vladimir Putin. Shamalov acquired a stake in Sibur from Timchenko after American sanctions were imposed against a longtime acquaintance of the Russian president. At the end of 2015, the Chinese Sinopec acquired 10% of Sibur for $1.3 billion. Mikhelson enthusiastically collects art and sponsors exhibitions in Russia and the USA. His father was the director of the Kuibyshevtruboprovodstroy construction trust, the largest in the system of the Ministry of Construction of the Oil and Gas Industry of the USSR.

2. Mikhail Fridman

Net worth: $13.3 billion

Change for the year: - $1.3 billion

Place in the world ranking: 63 Together with his long-time business partners from his student days, German Khan and Alexey Kuzmichev, he controls Alfa Group, Russia's largest financial and industrial investment group. In 2013, the state-owned Rosneft for $28 billion bought from Mikhail Fridman, Viktor Vekselberg and Leonard Blavatnik 50% of the oil company TNK-BP, which the billionaires owned on a parity basis with the British BP. Friedman earned $5.1 billion from the deal. In 2013, this money was partially used to launch a new structure of Alpha - the holding LetterOne Holdings S.A. (L1), on the balance sheet of which were the foreign assets of the investment group and which was entrusted with control over M&A transactions abroad. In particular, L1 acquired the German oil and gas company Dea RWE for $5.7 billion in 2015. Among Alpha’s largest projects are the second largest Russian retailer X5, shares in the telecommunications holdings VimpelCom and Turkcell. A native of Ukraine, Friedman moved to Moscow in his youth to attend university. In 1989, together with Khan and Kuzmichev, he founded the Alfa-Eco company, which marked the beginning of the construction of one of the main business empires in Russia. Two years later, the partners created Alfa Bank, now the largest private bank in the country.

3. Alisher Usmanov

Net worth: $12.5 billion

Change for the year: - $1.9 billion

Place in the world ranking: 73 Alisher Usmanov, who has headed the Russian Forbes list for several years in a row, manages one of the most extensive business empires in the country. Among his assets are the metallurgical holding Metalloinvest, the second largest mobile operator in Russia Megafon and the publishing house Kommersant. In 2014, the billionaire sold 12% of the USM Holdings management holding to his long-time junior business partners and key top managers. Usmanov is a member of a number of important lobbying organizations, including the Russian Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs. In 2013, he was awarded the Order of Merit for the Fatherland, IV degree. One of the early investors in Facebook, three years ago the businessman sold off all shares of the social network and focused on Chinese assets - he has a stake in the online retailer Alibaba, Usmanov invested $500 million in the smartphone manufacturer Xiaomi. The billionaire is also a co-owner of the London football club Arsenal. In 2015, Usmanov made more headlines for his social initiatives: he borrowed 1 billion rubles from the Russian Football Union to help the organization pay off Italian coach Fabio Capello.

4. Vladimir Potanin

Net worth: $12.1 billion

Change for the year: - $3.3 billion

Place in the world ranking: 78 Last year's leader of the Russian Forbes list, Vladimir Potanin, a former employee of the USSR Ministry of Foreign Economic Relations, in 1991 met his future partner Mikhail Prokhorov, at that time the head of the department of the Soviet International Bank for Economic Cooperation (IBEC). In 1993, the partners created Oneximbank, which lured IBES clients to serve them. Oneximbank became a platform for the construction of the Interros holding. At the loans-for-shares auctions, the tandem of billionaires gained control over the metallurgical giant MMC Norilsk Nickel and the oil company Sidanco. In 2007, Potanin and Prokhorov decided to divide the business. Potanin, a former deputy prime minister in the government of Viktor Chernomyrdin and a partner of George Soros in investing in Svyazinvest, concentrated his assets in Interros. With the support of the state, the billionaire became the largest private investor in the Winter Olympics in Sochi - he built the Rosa Khutor ski resort. In May 2014, Potanin divorced his wife Natalia and married a subordinate named Ekaterina for the second time; the couple already had a child. Natalia filed a lawsuit against her ex-husband - she demands 50% of the billionaire's assets. In the fall of 2015, the Moscow City Court rejected the claim; Natalia challenged this decision on appeal. The litigation continues.

5. Gennady Timchenko

Net worth: $11.4 billion

Change for the year: + $0.7 billion

Place in the world ranking: 85 Co-founder of Gunvor Group, one of the world's largest commodity traders, Gennady Timchenko sold 43% of the company's shares to another of its founders, Torbjorn Tornqvist, in March 2014, the day before he was included in the American sanctions list - according to the authorities USA, the billionaire is part of Vladimir Putin’s inner circle. Timchenko, in response to Washington’s actions, only stated that “you have to pay for everything in this life, including friendship with the president.” In 2015, he continued the sale of assets, including shares in the construction companies SK Most and ARKS and the insurance holding Sogaz. Timchenko's assets today are shares in the petrochemical holding Sibur, the railway operator Transoil and the construction group Stroytransgaz. The businessman also chairs the board of directors of the Kontinental Hockey League and serves as president of the St. Petersburg hockey club SKA, winner of the 2015 Gagarin Cup.

6. Alexey Mordashov

Net worth: $10.9 billion

Change for the year: - $2.1 billion

Place in the world ranking: 93 Alexey Mordashov, the main owner of the metallurgical giant Severstal, left the post of general director of the company in 2015 after nineteen years at the helm. He also guaranteed Russian President Vladimir Putin that he would abandon short-sighted investments (amid the sale of Severstal's North American assets). In addition to the steel industry, Mordashov’s business empire extends to tourism (operator TUI), gold mining (Nordgold), and heavy engineering (Power Machines). A hereditary metallurgist, he literally grew up at the enterprise, quickly built a career and became financial director, and then bought shares and himself became the main owner of Severstal. Mordashov is on the boards of trustees of the Bolshoi Theater, the Tretyakov Gallery, the Valaam Monastery and the National Chess Federation. He speaks fluent German and is interested in poetry, art and winter sports.

7. Viktor Vekselberg

Net worth: $10.5 billion

Change for the year: - $3.7 billion

Place in the world ranking: 98 The Russian authorities entrusted Viktor Vekselberg with one of the most ambitious projects - the Skolkovo innovation city: the billionaire heads the fund of the same name, which oversees the development of the national analogue of Silicon Valley. Since 2010, the fund has issued grants, including to Vekselberg's structures, including $13 million for the innovative energy company Hevel. In 2013, the businessman, together with his billionaire partners Mikhail Fridman and Leonard Blavatnik, sold a 50% stake in TNK-BP to the state-owned Rosneft for $28 billion and received $7 billion from the deal. He spent part of the funds on purchasing a 25% stake in the Swiss metallurgical company Schmolz+ Bickenbach. In 2014, the entrepreneur also acquired Octo Telematics, an Italian manufacturer of software for insurers. Vekselberg has a 6.2 percent stake in Bank of Cyprus. Its industrial conglomerate Renova is a strategic investor in the Swiss market. Among the main assets are shares in the industrial groups Oerlikon and Sulzer. In 2015, Vekselberg spent almost $1 billion to double his stake in Sulzer, to 63%. A native of Ukraine, the future billionaire made his first money selling scrap metal. In the 1990s, he founded the holding company SUAL. In 2007, SUAL merged assets with the Rusal group and mining company Glencore - this is how the world's largest aluminum producer UC Rusal was born, where the billionaire retains a minority stake. In addition, Vekselberg has stakes in petrochemical, consumer goods and telecommunications businesses. He owns a large art collection, including nine Faberge Easter eggs, which the billionaire bought from the Forbes family for $100 million. In November 2013, Vekselberg opened a private museum in St. Petersburg, where he exhibited his treasures. In February 2014, the businessman donated a three-room apartment in the Azimut hotel in Sochi to Olympic figure skating champions Tatyana Volosozhar and Maxim Trankov. Athletes will need their own housing in the capital of the 2014 Games to realize their dream of creating a children's school, the philanthropist reasoned. In 2015, Renova transferred Azimut to the All-Russian Children's Center.

8. Vladimir Lisin

Net worth: $9.3 billion

Change for the year: - $2.3 billion

Place in the world ranking: 116 Vladimir Lisin made a fortune in steel and cargo transportation. He began his career as an electrical mechanic at the Yuzhkuzbassugol association. After graduating from the institute, he worked at metallurgical enterprises, rising from an assistant steelmaker to deputy general director of the Karaganda Metallurgical Plant. In 1991, together with his leader, who became the Minister of Metallurgy, the future billionaire moved to Moscow. He soon became a partner in the Trans-World Group, which within a few years had grown into a leading Russian exporter of aluminum and steel. By that time, Lisin had accumulated a wealth of experience in managing metallurgical production, so that during the division of assets in 2000, he naturally took ownership of the industry giant - the Novolipetsk Iron and Steel Works. The billionaire also controls the logistics holding UCL, which owns the First Freight Company. His most famous hobby outside of business is shooting: Lisin built the largest shooting complex in Europe, “Fox Hole,” in the Moscow region. In January 2016, the billionaire criticized the Russian defense complex for its lack of competence in the production of sporting firearms.

9. Vagit Alekperov

Net worth: $8.9 billion

Change for the year: - $3.3 billion

World ranking: 124 Vagit Alekperov heads Lukoil, the largest independent oil producer in Russia, which is exploring the West Qurna-2 field in Iraq, one of the most promising in the world. In 2016, the company plans to invest $1.5 billion in the development of its projects Alekperov is not considered a close associate of Vladimir Putin, but this did not save Lukoil from American sanctions - restrictions against the company were introduced in September 2014. The main owner of the company plans to inherit the share to his son Yusuf - on the condition that he does not sell the asset and the family remains the largest co-owner of the oil giant. Having gone through all the career stages in the oil industry, at the end of the USSR the future billionaire even managed to work as an industry minister. In 1991, he privatized three large fields and founded Lukoil. Alekperov is the author of the book “Russian Oil: Past, Present and Future” and the founder of the “Our Future” foundation for regional social programs, which actively supports social entrepreneurship.

10. German Khan Net worth: $8.7 billion

Change for the year: + $0.8 billion

Place in the world ranking: 128 German Khan, together with Mikhail Fridman and Alexey Kuzmichev, owns Alfa Group, the largest private financial and industrial group in Russia. He worked for a long time as the executive director of the oil company TNK-BP, which he left in March 2013 - after the 50% share of Alfa and its partners was bought by the state-owned Rosneft for $28 billion. Khan earned $3.3 billion from the deal. In 2013, together with other Alfa members, he used part of the funds to create the company LetterOne Holdings S.A. (L1), specializing in investments in foreign assets (for example, the German oil and gas company DEA). Khan joined the board of directors of L1. The company's head office is located in London, where the billionaire bought a mansion worth $91 million in 2010. A native of Kyiv, he moved to Moscow to attend university. Together with Friedman and Kuzmichev, Khan founded the Alfa-Eco trader in 1989. Two years later, the partners created Alfa Bank, now the largest private bank in Russia. In the late 1990s, Alpha gained control of TNK and created a joint venture with British BP. Other assets of the group include mobile operator VimpelCom and retailer X5 Retail Group.

Net worth: $1.2 billion

Leonid Boguslavsky has been involved in business in the IT field since the mid-1980s. In the early 1990s, he managed to be a partner of Boris Berezovsky in the LogoVAZ company and a Russian representative of the Oracle software corporation. In 1993, the businessman exchanged his stake in LogoVAZ for a subsidiary of the company, system integrator LVZ. Four years later, Boguslavsky sold LVZ to the auditor PriceWaterhouseCoopers for $10 million. The entrepreneur made the bulk of his fortune through successful venture investments, the most successful of which - in the Russian search giant Yandex - was made in the early 2000s. Boguslavsky invests through the Ru-Net and RTP Ventures funds. Among his latest investments are the German Delivery Hero, the American DataDog and FreeCharge, and the Indian SnapDeal.

Newcomer: Kirill Shamalov

Net worth: $1.2 billion

Kirill Shamalov is the youngest son of Nikolai Shamalov, a longtime acquaintance of Vladimir Putin, co-owner of Rossiya Bank. According to media reports, he is allegedly the husband of Katerina Tikhonova, the alleged daughter of the Russian President. Shamalov Jr. is a graduate of St. Petersburg State University. At the age of 26, he became vice president of the Sibur petrochemical holding. In 2014, the entrepreneur acquired 17% of Sibur from another longtime acquaintance of Putin, billionaire Gennady Timchenko. In total, today Kirill Shamalov owns 21.3% of the holding - he is the second co-owner of Sibur after Leonid Mikhelson. In December 2015, the Chinese state-owned company Sinopec acquired 10% of Sibur for $1.339 billion

The influential American publication Forbes published a rating on March 1. In total, the list included 1,810 influential individuals whose net worth exceeds $1 billion.

10. Charles Koch | Net worth: $39.6 billion

One of the most influential people in the United States are the brothers Charles and David Koch. They took 9th and 10th place in the ranking of the richest people in the world according to Forbes. They own the family diversified holding company Koch Industries, whose revenue is $115 billion annually. Koch Industries provides pipeline construction, produces construction materials, oil refining and other activities.

is the chairman of the holding and oversees the active growth of the business. The brothers are engaged in charitable activities and have already donated about a billion for the development of education. Charles Koch's fortune is 39.6 billion - exactly the same as his brother's.

9. David Koch | Net worth: $39.6 billion

Charles's brother, as mentioned above, is a co-owner of the Koch Industries holding and its vice president. The businessman’s capital as of March 2016 amounted to $39.6 billion. The David Koch Charitable Foundation has donated over $1 billion to various causes. In 2014, the New York Metropolitan Museum of Art named one of its plazas after the businessman, thereby showing its respect for one of the Kochs who donated money for its reconstruction. Compared to last year, the brothers suffered a loss in their personal wealth: each lost 3.3 billion US dollars.

The American businessman, with a fortune of $40.5 billion, is ranked eighth among the richest people in the world. The former mayor of New York is the founder and owner of Bloomberg. The oligarch is considered one of the largest philanthropists, who has donated about 4 billion to charitable causes. The increase in Bloomberg's capital this year amounted to about 4.5 billion. In 2014, the multimillionaire became an honorary Knight Commander and was awarded the Order of the British Empire.

7. Larry Ellison | Net worth: $43.6 billion

An American with a capital of 43.6 billion US dollars ranks seventh among the world's largest oligarchs according to Forbes magazine. Currently, the businessman is a director of Oracle Corporation, a leading shareholder of NetSuite Inc and an initial investor in the American company Salesforce.com. Larry Ellison is the largest sponsor of specialized competitions in the United States. In addition, one of the richest people is actively involved in buying real estate. Compared to last year, the tycoon suffered impressive financial losses, which amounted to more than 10 billion.

6. Mark Zuckerberg | Net worth: $44.6 billion

The American founder of the social network Facebook and its leader is ranked sixth among the richest people in the world. The young oligarch's fortune is currently estimated at $44.6 billion. Over the past 12 months, the increase in the American's capital amounted to more than 11 billion. The billionaire is going to donate 99% of Facebook shares to charity.

5. Jeff Bezos | Net worth: $45.2 billion

With a net worth of $45.2 billion, the American ranks fifth among the world's wealthiest people today. The increase in the businessman’s assets this year amounted to more than 10 billion. He is the owner of the aerospace company Blue Origin, as well as the head of the online retailer Amazon. In addition, he owns the publishing house The Washington Post. A multimillionaire is one of the largest investors. Bezos prefers to invest in the development of Twitter, AirBNB, UBER, Rethink Robotics and other promising projects.

4. Carlos Slim Helu | Net worth 50 billion dollars

The Mexican took fourth place this year among the richest people in the world. The oligarch's personal fortune is about $50 billion. This year has brought the oligarch significant losses, which amounted to 27 billion. This fact is associated with the fall in the shares of the operator America Movil, which are considered the main asset of the billionaire. Carlos Slim Helu is one of the leading shareholders of The New York Times publishing house. In addition, the conglomerate Grupo Carso, Grupo Financiero Inbursa and the financial structure Ideal are under the control of the tycoon.

3. Warren Buffett | Net worth: $60.8 billion

Opens the top three largest oligarchs in the world according to Forbes for 2016. The American investor has a capital of 60.8 billion US dollars. This year, the businessman suffered significant losses, estimated at almost 12 billion. The tycoon’s investment portfolio is quite extensive, but the most basic areas in which he operates are oil, metallurgy and food. Last year, the American acquired the metallurgical holding Precision Castparts. This is one of the best deals in his business. Buffett is also actively buying shares of oil companies and investing money in Burger King and Tim Hortons chains.

2. Omancio Ortega | Net worth: $67 billion

The Spanish businessman, with a capital of $67 billion, currently ranks second in the Forbes ranking of the world's wealthiest people. He is the founder and owner of the Zara chain of stores, which are known for high-quality clothing at fairly low prices. It was this factor, according to experts, that helped the oligarch not only stay afloat, but also increase his income during the crisis. Today the company owns about 5 thousand stores in 77 countries around the world. Ortega is a major investor; he has invested most of his finances in real estate in London, Madrid, Barcelona, ​​Florida, the gas industry, banks and tourism. In 2015, according to Forbes magazine, he was the richest person in the world with a fortune of $79 billion. Ortega is a recipient of the Order of Civil Merit.

1. Bill Gates | Net worth: $75 billion

The American tops the ranking of the richest people in the world as of March 1, 2016. His personal net worth is estimated at $75 billion, which is slightly less than last year. Over the past 12 months, the billionaire suffered losses of about 4 billion. The founder of Microsoft is one of the largest investors. Shareholder income is growing not only due to the activities of Microsoft. The oligarch receives the lion's share of the profit through investments in mechanical engineering, railways, waste processing, etc. Gates is one of the largest philanthropists. Over the entire existence of his philanthropic foundation, about $31.5 billion has been allocated to charitable needs.

Despite the global crisis, the richest people on the planet are only getting richer. In this issue we will talk about their condition at the end of 2016.

Michael Bloomberg. 42 billion 100 million dollars. One of the most famous entrepreneurs in America, who managed to serve as mayor of New York from 2002 to 2013. Bloomberg's business empire includes television channels, radio stations, various magazines and a world-famous agency for supplying news about financial markets.

David Koch. 43 billion 900 million dollars. Owner of Koch Industries Corporation, which is engaged in the production of polymer fibers, trading and refining of oil, as well as other types of business. It manages about 70 thousand people in 59 countries.

Charles Koch. 43 billion 900 million dollars. The brother of the previous rating participant and co-owner of Koch Industries, which is the second largest private company in America by revenue.

Carlos Slim Helu. 48 billion 700 million dollars. Mexican entrepreneur who was the richest person in the world from 2011 to 2013. He is the owner of the largest telecommunications company in the country and a number of other successful businesses, which he quite often buys up at the stage of formation.

Larry Ellison. 50 billion 300 million dollars. Co-founder and Chairman of the Board of Directors of the American company Oracle, one of the largest software manufacturers e world leader and supplier of server equipment.

Mark Ts y kerberg. 51 billion dollars. The youngest participant in our rating, who is only 32 years old. Owner of Facebook, the largest social network on the planet, with the number of users exceeding 1 billion people. In addition, Mark owns the WhatsApp messenger, the Masquerade application and the world-famous social network Instagram.

Jeff Bezos. 66 billion 400 million dollars. The founder of the world's largest online store Amazon.com, the owner of the Washington Post publishing house and even a private aerospace company that deals with space tourism for wealthy citizens.

Amancio Ortega. 72 billion 900 million dollars. The richest man in Europe, founder of Inditex. She owns such world-famous clothing brands as Zara, Massimo Dutti, Bershka, Pull and Bear and many others.

Warren Buffett. 73 billion 900 million dollars. One of America's largest investors, co-owner of hundreds of companies around the world, as well as his own island and railroad. He is the largest philanthropist in human history, having given about $37 billion in donations to various foundations.

Bill Gates. 83 billion 600 million dollars. Founder of Microsoft Corporation and the richest person on the planet according to Forbes magazine. Since June 2008, he resigned as head of the company and, together with his wife, began managing the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, the largest charitable organization on the planet.

1. Bill Gates

State:$75 billion

Change over the year:-$4.2 billion

Status source: Microsoft

Age: 60

A country: USA

Bill Gates is again at the top of the Forbes global list for the 17th time in the last 22 years. For several years now, he has been talked about not only as the founder of Microsoft, but also as one of the world's most generous philanthropists - the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, which works, in particular, to improve medical care and vaccinations in developing countries. In total, Gates has already allocated $31.5 billion to philanthropic projects. In December 2015, Gates, along with 20 other billionaires, took part in the Climate Summit in Paris. Businessmen took the initiative to invest in the development of clean energy. “Our main goal,” Gates said, “is to unite to achieve results in the development of clean energy.” The Microsoft founder managed to attract Mark Zuckerberg, Alibaba Group founder Jack Ma and Africa's richest man Aliko Dangote to the project.

20% of Gates' fortune this year brought him 3% of Microsoft shares, which the businessman owns. His other investments include investments in Canadian National Railway, American engineering company Deere & Co., waste management company Republic Services, and Ecolab. In October 2015, Gates invested in Impossible Foods, a startup that grows plant-based foods that can replace meat.

3. Warren Buffett

State:$60.8 billion

Change over the year:-$11.9 billion

Status source: Berkshire Hathaway

Age: 85

A country: USA

In a letter to Berkshire Hathaway shareholders in early 2016, Buffett expressed optimism about the American future, despite the bellicose rhetoric of US presidential candidates. His confidence in the future is easy to explain - in 2015, his investment empire, Berkshire Hathaway, made the greatest deal in its history to purchase metallurgical Precision Castparts. Buffett's investment holding company bought it for $37 billion. In addition, he actively bought shares of the oil company Phillips 66, and also carried out joint transactions with 3G Capital (the company is managed by several Brazilian billionaires), concerning Kraft Foods, Heinz, Burger King and the Tim Hortons caffeine chain. Berkshire Hathaway, the fifth most profitable corporation in the United States, owns Geico, Dairy Queen and Fruit of the Loom, and invests in Wells Fargo, IBM and Coca-Cola.

Buffett still cites reading Benjamin Graham's 1949 book The Intelligent Investor as the best investment of his life. Graham later became a mentor to a young talented entrepreneur. In 1962, Buffett moved to Nebraska, where he undertook to revive the business of the stagnating textile company Berkshire Hathaway. By 2015, the modest enterprise had grown into the fourth largest corporation in the world by market capitalization, worth $335 billion.

As for Buffett's political ambitions, he actively supports presidential candidate Clinton and is even a sponsor of her election campaign.

4. Carlos Slim Helu

State:$50 billion

Change over the year:-$27.1 billion

Status source: telecommunications

Age: 76

A country: Mexico

Despite the difficult situation, Carlos Slim Helu remains one of the richest people in the world. Mexican authorities are gradually tightening antitrust laws in the telecommunications industry, which has literally brought down the shares of TV operator America Movil, which belongs to Al. This, as well as the weakening of the Mexican peso and the crisis in Brazil, made the businessman $27.1 billion poorer. This is the largest drop in the ranking this year. Nevertheless, the billionaire remains Mexico's richest man.

In addition, the Mexican is the largest shareholder of The New York Times publishing house. In January 2015, he increased his share in the influential publishing house to 17% and retained options for further expansion. The billionaire controls the industrial conglomerate Grupo Carso, the financial Grupo Financiero Inbursa and the infrastructure Ideal.

5. Jeff Bezos

State:$45.2 billion

Change over the year:+$10.4 billion

Status source: Amazon.com

Age: 52

A country: USA

Jeff Bezos runs three companies at the same time and seems to be doing well. In November 2015, his aerospace company Blue Origin successfully carried out a controlled landing of the reusable BE-3 rocket, which made Elon Musk jealous. Amazon earned a record $107 billion in 2015. However, at the beginning of 2016, the company lost some of its value in the market. This was largely influenced by an article in The New York Times, which talked about slave-like working conditions at Amazon and the constant pressure management put on employees. In response, Bezos sent letters to Amazon employees. According to him, he did not recognize Amazon at the company described in the New York Times article, but said that those workers who agreed with what was said in the material “are simply crazy if they decide to stay.”

6. Mark Zuckerberg

State:$44.6 billion

Change over the year:+$11.2 billion

Status source: Facebook

Age: 31

A country: USA

2015 was a particularly good year for Zuckerberg. Facebook's rising price has brought it an additional $11.2 billion to last year's net worth. Also, and more importantly, Zuckerberg became a father for the first time. In this regard, the businessman and his wife Priscilla Chan announced that they would give 99% of their shares in the social network to charity. They wrote about this in a letter addressed to their daughter Max on their Facebook page. There, the billionaire posts photos of Max’s first vaccination, the celebration of the first Chinese New Year in her life, her outfits, etc.

Facebook's revenue continues to grow, in addition, Zuckerberg is betting on the Oculus Rift virtual reality headsets - the owner of Facebook shelled out $2 billion for their manufacturer, the Oculus VR company, although the gadget itself is still at the prototype stage. And the WhatsApp messenger, purchased in 2014 for a record $19 billion, grew by another 1 billion users in February alone.

7. Larry Ellison

State:$43.6 billion

Change over the year:-$10.7 billion

Status source: Oracle

Age: 71

A country: USA

Larry Ellison left the post of CEO of Oracle in 2014, retaining the positions of director of technology development and chairman of the board of directors. A true Silicon Valley rock star, he grew up in his great-aunt's house in Chicago and never met his father. A talented software developer, early in his career he worked for the CIA, after which he founded Oracle in 1977. In 2015, Ellison announced that Oracle would develop cloud software and would soon become Amazon's competitor in this area.

A fan of sailing, the billionaire is one of the largest sponsors of specialized competitions in the United States. He is also a keen real estate buyer. For example, for $300 million in 2012, a businessman purchased the Hawaiian island of Lanai - he owns every hotel room in this paradise. Ellison's daughter Megan is a successful film producer. Her studio, Annapurna Pictures, was behind the Oscar-winning Zero Dark Thirty and American Hustle.

State:$40 billion

Change over the year:+$4.5 billion

Status source: Bloomberg L.P.

Age: 74

A country: USA

Michael Bloomberg left his post as mayor of New York at the end of 2013. Today, one can increasingly hear speculation that the billionaire may become an independent candidate and run for the presidency of the United States, despite repeated promises to devote the rest of his life to charitable activities. In an interview with The Financial Times, he admitted that he was considering running, given his dissatisfaction with candidates from both parties. Billionaire friends Bill Ackman and Rupert Murdoch also urged Bloomberg to return to politics.

In 2015, Bloomberg returned to business as CEO of the financial information agency he founded, Bloomberg LP. He intends to breathe new life into the companies that bear his name. First of all, the billionaire downsized his staff. The remaining journalists now work more on their profile - on financial and business news.

Bloomberg has a reputation as one of the most generous philanthropists in the United States: he has given a total of $3.8 billion to charitable causes, including $1 billion to his alma mater and $100 million to the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to fight polio. The billionaire also received the status of UN Special Ambassador for Cities and Climate Change.

9-10. Charles Koch

State:$39.6 billion

Change over the year:-$3.3 billion

Status source: Koch Industries

Age: 80

A country: USA

Brothers Charles and David Koch are among the most influential figures in American business, philanthropy and politics. The Kochs jointly own the family holding Koch Industries with revenues of $115 billion. The diversified holding is engaged in the construction of pipelines, oil refining, the production of building materials, paper towels and cups, and many other goods. Charles Koch has served as Chairman of the Board of Directors at Koch Industries since 1967, overseeing rapid business growth.

The brothers actively finance the Republican Party. Charles Koch compares his crusade for minimal government involvement in the economy and economic freedom to the fight for human rights. The Kochs have not yet announced which Republican presidential candidate they are supporting in the current election race, but it is known that it is not Donald Trump.

Among the main charitable projects of billionaires is support for education. In mid-2014, for example, they issued a $25 million grant to a fund to support African-American students.

9-10. David Koch

State:$39.6 billion

Change over the year:-$3.3 billion

Status source: Koch Industries

Age: 75

A country: USA

David Koch, on a parity basis with his older brother Charles, owns the diversified holding Koch Industries - the second largest private company in the United States after Cargill, worth about $100 billion. David Koch has spent about $900 million to support education, the activities of the Republican Party and individual projects during the current presidential race in US like criminal justice reform.

The Koch brothers are also actively involved in charity: the David Koch Foundation has donated more than $1.2 billion to various causes throughout its existence. The New York Metropolitan Museum of Art, for the reconstruction of which David Koch donated $65 million, in September 2014 named one of the squares on its territory named after him.

Illustration: FILIP PERAIĆ FOR FORBES

Rating team

Editors: Louise Kroll, Kerry A. Dolan.

Deputy editors: Keren Blankfeld and Dan Alexander.

Country editors: Graham Button, Russell Flannery, Naazeen Karmali, John Koppich, Tatiana Serafin, Nathan Vardy.

Research group: Elena Berezovskaya, Maggie Chen, Max Jedu-Palmgren, Andrea Murphy, Race Peterson-Whithorne, Katya Savciuku, Chloe Sorvino, Kate Winton, Jennifer Wang, Susan Radlauer, Dmitry Slavinsky, Ken Barney.

Research team: Forbes Indonesia, Forbes Korea, Forbes Mexico, Forbes Middle East, Forbes Russia, Forbes Turkey, Forbes Africa, Forbes Czech Republic, Forbes Japan, Forbes Poland, Forbes Romania, Isabel Albino, Latisha Beacham, Abram Brown, Denise Kam, Caroline Chen, Grace Chang, Muhammad Cohen, Anthony Gara, Ricardo Geromel, Christopher Helman, Neerja Paua Jetley, Aruba Khan, Lee Humin, Zina Moukaiba, Micah Park, Anuradha Raghunathan, Saritha Rai, Leonard Schoenberger, Barty Scott, Jessica Tan, Michela Tindera, Susan Adams, Yuri Aksenov, Kurt Badenhausen, Kim Bode, Erin Carlisle, Nilgun Cavdar, Kathleen Czajkowski, Shu-Ching Jen Chen, Chris Erb, Daniel Fisher, Sin Kilachand, Alex Conrad, Ernesto Linares Mascaro, Nicole Lindsay, Ryan Mack, Gian McCallum , Joan Muller, Susan Nam, Lan An Ngyen, Carl O'Connor, Robert Olsen, Parmy Olsen, Natalie Robehmed, Mat Shifrin, Lucinda Schmidt, James Sims, Brian Solomon, Natalie Sportelli, Deborpah Steinborn, Yulong Sun, Glenda Thoma, Tim Tritgold, Ozer Turan.

Jupiter shock

For the first time in several years, the number of people on the list of the world's richest people, their total wealth and average net worth have declined.

Volatile stock markets, falling oil prices and a stronger dollar have led to a redistribution of wealth around the world and a decline in 10-figure net worth for the first time since 2009. For the 30th annual benefit to the world's rich, we found 1810 billionaires, which is less than last year's amount for 16 participants. Their total net worth has decreased by $570 billion and compiled $6.48 trillion. For the first time since 2010, the average capital of the list participants decreased - now it is $3.6 billion, which is $300 million less than last year.

Behind these figures lies a story of colossal upheaval, during which 221 participants left the list when they entered it 198 newcomers. 29 billionaires left this world, but 29 of those who in the previous year left the ranks of the richest, again took this height. Among the participants in the rating this year and previous years 829 became poorer , A 501 increased his capital.

Permutations start from the very top of the list. Only two of the top 20 managed to maintain their positions. Bill Gates with own capital $75 billion is still the richest man on Earth, even though a year ago he was by $4.2 billion richer. For three years in a row he has been No. 1 in the rating, and for a total of 22 years 17 times ranked at the very top (in the 30 years that Forbes has been tracking the world's wealth, only five people have held the title of world's richest; three of them are still in the top 5, including Warren Buffett and Carlos Slim). Buffett firmly holds third position. Owner Zara Armancio Ortega for the first time rose to second place, displacing Slim to fourth. The latter’s condition over the past year was $50 billion, contracting n and $27.1 billion amid falling shares of his América Móvil.

Of all the billionaires, the most successful year was for Mark Zuckerberg. He added to his capital $11.2 billion and rose from 16th to 6th level of the rating. Zuckerberg and Amazon founder Jeff Bezos appeared in the top ten of Forbes' annual ranking of the world's richest people for the first time. Another newcomer is a billionaire from mainland China Wang Jianlin, whose company owns AMC Theatres, took a place immediately in the top 20.

Some of the most notable newcomers include the first theatrical producer on the list; Adam Newman and Miguel McKelvey from WeWork, Ben Silberman and Evan Sharp from Pintrest. Newman, Silberman and Sharp - three of 66 billionaires under 40 years old. The youngest is 19-year-old heiress from Norway Alexandra Andresen, owner 42% share in the family business, and her sister Katarina is only 20. Another first-time participant worth mentioning separately is Zhou Cun Fei, whose $5.9 billion The fortune made on smartphone screens was enough to make her the richest self-made woman in the world. She's one of the 190 women, included in the list, while last year the fair half belonged to 197 positions.

Among the famous people who left the rating are the fashion designer head of Samuel Adams and the head of Dick’s Sporting Goods Edward Stack. The USA has the lead in the number of billionaires - 540 people. They are followed by mainland China with 251 billionaire (69 rich from Hong Kong go separately) and Germany - 120. Billionaire fortune holders from Russia 77 people (11 less, than last year), and in Brazil - 23 (versus 31). The Forbes Billionaires Ranking is a snapshot of global wealth.

The richest people in the world

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Compared to last year, there have been changes in the list of the 20 richest people on the planet, during which only Bill Gates (No. 1) and Warren Buffett (No. 3) retained their positions. The owner of the fashion brand Zara, Spaniard Armancio Ortega, moved from fourth to second place, swapping places with Carlos Slim Helu, the Mexican tycoon who lost more than anyone else last year - $27.1 billion

Jeff Bezos Amazon and Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg, both successful in amassing wealth in the past year, entered the top 10 richest for the first time, while Warren Buffett's Brazilian partner Jorge Paulo Lehmann and investor from China Wang Jianlin- the owner of AMC Entertainment Holdings, which is planning to acquire the film company Legendary Entertainment - entered the top 20 for the first time.
The first 20 participants in the rating account for $827 billion, What $73 billion (8%) less, than the total capital of last year's top 20.

Retired

Falling commodities, stock market chaos and a fragile global economy have weakened the financial health of many of the world's richest people. Over the past year 221 billionaires dropped out of the ranking; not since 2009 - when the credit crisis contributed to the expulsion 355 participants from the club of owners of nine-digit fortunes - so many people did not leave the rating at once.

China suffered the most losses - 42 ex-members, followed by the USA, where 25 billionaires switched to former status. In Brazil it became for 23 billionaires less in Russia - at 19, in India - at 15, so the term “BRICS economy” has a new meaning.

Photo: Moacyr Lopes Junior/FolhaPress

Capital in 2015: $1 billion
Current: $800 million
Sales of luxury fashion goods are declining following a decline in demand in markets in China, Russia and the rest of the world. This also damaged the fortunes of Birch, the founder of the fashion label of the same name.

Capital in 2015: $1.3 billion
Current: $840 million
And here comes the hangover. As beer's share of the alcoholic drinks market declined, the father of American brewing (his company, Boston Beer, produces the Samuel Adams brand) watched his wealth diminish—by 39% in total.

Photo: Hemant Mishra/Mint via Getty Images

Capital in 2015: $1.4 billion
Current capital: $750 million
The first ethanol billionaire, originally from Brazil, runs the publicly traded Cosan, a conglomerate based in Sao Paulo. The abundance of oil has played against both alternative fuels and fuel additives; Cosan shares are down 62% year-over-year.

Capital in 2015: $1 billion
Current: $930 million
Previously, India's only self-made female billionaire founded Biocon Ltd., the country's largest publicly traded biopharmaceutical company. Its shares have fallen nearly 20% since January, which occurs during times of market turbulence, despite strong third-quarter earnings.

Mark, Oliver and Alexander Samwer
Capital in 2015: $1.7 billion each
Current: $870 million each
The German brothers (Oliver pictured) behind Rocket Internet, notorious for cloning the ideas of prominent tech firms (Zappos, Blue Apron, etc.), have seen their company's share price nearly halve since its IPO in October 2014.

Capital in 2015: $1 billion
Current: $480 million
Federal investigations, earnings revisions and negative publicity over drug price hikes have eroded pharmaceutical Valeant's capital. The company's CEO, Pearson, also in poor health, recently returned from a long sick leave.

Who stayed, who came, who left

The membership lists of the global billionaires' club are in a constant state of flux, as the history of the last decade shows, with uninvited guests enjoying their newfound status while those unlucky (by billionaire standards, of course) peer through the door.

You can view the infographic in high resolution .

Coming out to bow

Notable Newcomer

The debut of Les Misérables in 1985 in London's West End marked the end of one act and the beginning of another in Mackintosh's life. "Only after that,- he says. - People saw that you could make more money from musicals than from movies."

Mackintosh produced a slew of musical blockbusters, including The Phantom of the Opera and Miss Saigon. He has a stake in Phantom and Cats, as well as full rights to Les Misérables and Miss Saigon, meaning he receives royalties every time the professionals produce any of those musicals. In addition, he owns eight theaters in the West End and 75% at Music Theater International, the largest licensor of Broadway shows. All this together makes him the owner of a fortune of $1.2 billion

“You never know when the money will come and when it will go,” says McIntosh, 69, who started his career as a stagehand on a weekly salary $30. - I'm more surprised than anyone." His next big venture is likely to be a success: in 2017, he's bringing the Broadway sensation Hamilton to the West End.

Dollar days

In numbers

A rising dollar has wiped billions out of the pockets of the world's richest people, and countries with heavily energy-linked economies such as Russia, Mexico and Brazil have suffered double-digit declines in the past year. China's slowing economy and Europe's slow recovery made the Japanese yen the only major currency to strengthen against the US dollar.

Young guns

The richest under 40

36 - A record number of billionaires under 40 are self-made. Their combined net worth is $125.5 billion Half of them come from technology startups called “unicorns”—private firms with an estimated value of $1 billion or more.

Adam Newman ($1.5 billion)

Where did the interest come from? Newman to shared office spaces? Possibly from the agricultural commune (kibbutz) in Israel where he grew up. WeWork, which Newman, 36, founded in New York in 2010 with Miguel McKelvey can now be rightfully proud 40 thousand users collective offices in 16 cities; The company's value is estimated at $10 billion

Name | Age
Capital, Company

Evan Spiegel | 25
$2.1 billion, Snapchat

Bobby Murphy | 27
$1.8 billion, Snapchat

Dustin Moskowitz | 31
$8.9 billion, Facebook

Mark Zuckerberg | 31
$44.6 billion, Facebook

Nathan Blecharczyk | 32
$3.3 billion, Airbnb

Ryan Graves | 32
$1.5 billion, Uber

Elizabeth Holmes | 32
$3.6 billion, Theranos

Drew Houston | 32
$1 billion, Dropbox

Wang Yue | 32
$1.1 billion, online games

Binny Bansal | 33
$1.2 billion, Flipkart

Eduardo Saverin | 33
$6.2 billion, Facebook

Kirill Shamalov | 33
$1.2 billion, oil industry

Evan Sharp | 33
$1 billion, Pintrest

Ben Silberman | 33
$1.6 billion, Pintrest

Cheng Wei | 33
$1 billion, app for calling a taxi

Sachin Bansal | 34
$1.2 billion, Flipkart

Brian Chesky | 34
$3.3 billion, Airbnb

Joe Gebbia | 34
$3.3 billion, Airbnb

Frank Wang | 35
$3.6 billion, DJI

Mike Cannon-Brookes | 36

Scott Farquhar | 36
$1.4 billion, business software

Orion Hindawi | 36
$1 billion, software

$1.5 billion, WeWork

Sean Parker | 36
$2.4 billion, Facebook

Markus Persson | 36
$1.3 billion, Minecraft

Cai Xiaozhu | 36
$1.2 billion, parts for electronic equipment

Zhang Banxin | 36
$1.3 billion, after-school education

Garrett Kamp | 37
$6.2 billion, Uber

Robert Pera | 37
$2 billion, equipment for wireless networks

Naruatsu Baba | 38
$1.2 billion, games for smartphones

Jack Dorsey | 39
$1 billion, Twitter

Travis Kalanick | 39
$6.2 billion, Uber

Li Weiwei | 39
$1.3 billion, online games

Wu Gan | 39
$1.3 billion, cash management

Zhou Yahui | 39
$2.3 billion, online games

Frank Wang ($3.6 billion)

Wang, 35, is the world's first billionaire to make his fortune from drones, having founded SZ Dajiang Innovation Technology, also known as DJI, in a university dorm room in Hong Kong; now the company is standing $8 billion and takes 75% share of a rapidly developing market.

Evan Spiegel ($2.1 billion)

The 25-year-old Snapchat co-founder is the youngest self-made billionaire. The messaging app he created, whose fast-disappearing feature prompted Hillary Clinton's tongue-in-cheek endorsement, raised funding last May based on its value. at $16 billion.(The net worth of the other co-founder, 27-year-old Bobby Murphy estimated at $1.8 billion).

Jack Dorsey ($1 billion)

Facing the open market can be a daunting task - and doubly so when you're running two companies. Both companies owned Dorsey- Twitter and Square, which deals with electronic payments, have recently seen their share prices fall. Twitter's user growth has stalled, and Square has yet to convince the market that it is still worth what private investors once valued it at.

Orion Hindawi ($1 billion)

Tanium, an information security company founded by Hindawi in 2007 with his billionaire father, provides real-time threat detection to clients such as Amazon and Visa. Orion, now 36, is serving as CEO while Tanium mulls an IPO.

Donald Trump White House

Real estate

Undoubtedly a new hotel Trump in DC it's going to be huge.

Whether Trump wins the 2016 election or not, he's guaranteed prime real estate in Washington, D.C. next year—on Pennsylvania Avenue of all places. In September (two years ahead of schedule), the people's billionaire will open the Trump International Hotel, located in the historic old post office building, just a few blocks from the White House.

It will not only have a presidential celebration hall with an area of 13.2 thousand sq. feet(it will become the largest luxury hall in the capital). Among 263 rooms there is room for three presidential suites, the largest of which will occupy 6.3 thousand sq. feet- approximately 8 times more than the Oval Office of the real White House.

Forbes@100

Forbes released its first ranking of the world's billionaires along with a special 50-page report: “A billion dollars seems like a good number to draw the line between wealth and great wealth. How someone managed to make or keep a billion dollars can likely tell a story about how the world works.” The issue featured both well-known names (Kerry Packer) and lesser known (queen of mail orders from Germany Greta Schickedanz) however, representatives of royal families were excluded (King of Saudi Arabia Fahd) and dictators (Kim Il Sung).

Total 24 countries were the birthplace of billionaires - today they are 67. There was not a single billionaire in China and Russia, and only one in India. One thing has remained constant: America has always had the largest number of nine-figure wealth owners. In 1987 in the USA there was 49 billionaires; Japan followed from 24; behind them is Germany (13), United Kingdom (7), Hong Kong and Canada (6 each).

“National borders still satisfy politicians, but they no longer limit business people.”

Internal reshuffles in Kazakhstan

$1.5 billion- the total wealth of five Kazakhstanis from the Forbes list of billionaires has decreased by so much: from $10.8 billion in 2015 up to $9.3 billion in 2016. Everyone became poorer to varying degrees - by the amount from $100 million to $700 million.

For the third year in a row, he closes the list of Kazakhstani participants in the Forbes rating with a fortune $1.5 billion However, now he is in fourth or fifth place, having lost more than the rest of our billionaires in a year. The second and third positions are also divided among themselves Kulibayev couple with $4 billion total family wealth, decreased by $200 million The richest businessman in Kazakhstan has remained for three years now - $2.3 billion, missing for the year $300 million

Illustration: Murat Dilmanov

1/771 Status (last year): $2.3 billion ($2.6 billion) Age: 58 years old MMC, banks, telecom, hotel business

In May 2015, the VimpelCom group of companies and Bulat Utemuratov entered into a new agreement. As a result, the latter’s share in the subsidiaries of the Group of Companies in Kazakhstan (KaR-Tel LLP) changed - from 28.5 to 25% and Kyrgyzstan (Sky Mobile LLC) - from 28.5 to 49.9%. According to the agreement, changes also affected the ownership structure - now both companies are managed by a holding company from Switzerland, and not from Cyprus. The put option that Utemuratov had and the buy option that belonged to VimpelCom were also cancelled.

In July-August 2015, the group's subsidiaries - VimpelCom Kazakhstan Holding AG and VimpelCom Kyrgyzstan Holding AG - paid dividends to Utemuratov in the amount of $104.28 million and $22.8 million, respectively.

His management company Verny Capital, which owns the Ritz-Carlton hotels in Vienna and Moscow, is building the first “green” Talan Towers complex in Astana, costing $350 million, where the future Ritz-Carlton Astana will be located. It will also house the headquarters of the investment company itself, the regional office of Glencore Xstrata and residential apartments.

For the first time, Bulat Utemuratov was included in the Forbes list after the sale of ATFBank to the Italian banking holding UniCredit in 2007 for $2.1 billion. In 2013, he sold Kazzinc to the transnational trader Glencore Xstrata and the Samruk-Kazyna National Welfare Fund.

Utemuratov heads the Kazakhstan Tennis Federation and is on the board of directors of the international tennis association ITF.

Place in the ranking (Kazakhstan/world): 2-3/906 Status (last year): $2 billion ($2.1 billion) Age: 49 years old Diversified business

In September 2015 implemented for $300 million in cash put option 7.45% shares Polymetal (partially owned by Russian billionaire Alexander Nesis), received a year earlier for the Kyzyl project deal.

Son-in-law of the President of Kazakhstan on a parity basis with his wife Dinara Kulibaeva controls People's Bank through JSC Holding Group ALMEX. The list of his major assets also includes Almaty International Airport, KazStroyService and oil producing companies controlled from the offshore zone of Singapore through Steppe Capital Pte Ltd.

Kulibayev is a member of the board of directors of OJSC Gazprom, heads the National Chamber of Entrepreneurs of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the association of companies in the energy and mining sector KazEnergy, the National Olympic Committee of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Kazakhstan Boxing Federation.

Place in the ranking (Kazakhstan/world): 2-3/906 Status (last year): $2 billion ($2.1 billion) Age: 48 years old Diversified business

The daughter of the President of Kazakhstan, together with her husband Timur Kulibayev, owns a bank, oil production, oil trading, aviation and other assets. Head of the National Education Foundation Nursultan Nazarbayev, is a member of the board of directors of JSC “KazUMOiMYA” (Almaty Foreign Languages), as well as the chairman of the board of directors of JSC “Kazakhstan-British Technical University”.

Place in the ranking (Kazakhstan/world): 4-5/1198 Status (last year): $1.5 billion ($2.2 billion) Age: 62 years old Metals

In June 2015, Alijan Ibragimov received 40% in the Jerooy project - the second largest gold deposit in Kyrgyzstan - from the Russian Platinum group Musa Bazhaev to settle a lawsuit with Visor Holding
A subsidiary of Russian Platinum, the Vostok-geoldobycha company, won a license to develop the field at a starting price $100 million Resolution of the legal dispute was an obligation under the terms of the competition.
The amount of Visor Holding's claim against the government of Kyrgyzstan was $548 million- for revocation of the license to develop the field. In August 2015, a tripartite settlement agreement was signed between the government, Vostok-Geoldobycha and Visor Holding. The details of the deal were not disclosed, but it is obvious that Karibzhanov received some kind of compensation.
In August, Chinese Geo-Jade Petroleum for $340.5 million bought from International Mineral Resources II B.V. (IMR), where Ibragimov owns 33%, Oil JSC "Kozhan" Now this company is 100%"daughter" JSC "Maten Petroleum".
In the first half of 2015, the sale of the Serov Ferroalloy Plant (SZF) and the Saranovsk Rudnaya mine to the Chelyabinsk Electrometallurgical Plant (CHEMK) was completed. The Eurasian group, according to one of the owners of CHEMK Yuriy Antipov, received for two assets $220 million
The same ENRC group, of which Ibragimov is a co-owner, is suing Indian billionaire Pramod Agarwal on charges of non-payment by the latter $220 million for a share in the Brazilian project “Zamin”.

Place in the ranking (Kazakhstan/world): 4-5/1198 Status (last year): $1.5 billion ($1.8 billion) Age: 55 years Metals

Vladimir Kim remains the majority shareholder in both entities of the reorganized Kazakhmys - 33,4% in Kaz Minerals Plc, listed on the London Stock Exchange, and 70% at Kazakhmys Corporation LLP. In December 2015, two Kaz Minerals Plc deposits - Aktogay and Bozshakol - were launched and produced their first copper.