What benefits do old-age pensioners have? 11.10.2017 13:01
After a person receives pensioner status, a number of new opportunities open up for him. The state took responsibility for supporting this segment of the population. Everyone needs to know what benefits an old-age pensioner has. Where and how can they be issued?
Compensation can be received by non-working northern pensioners receiving an old-age and disability pension. Pensioners living in the Far North and equivalent territories (Article 34 of the Law of February 19, 1993 N4520-1) are provided with such compensation once every two years. There are two options for compensation: the territorial body of the Pension Fund of Russia can pay for the purchase of travel tickets or reimburse their cost when the citizen himself buys them. (Rules for compensation of expenses for travel costs for pensioners, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of April 1, 2005 N 176.)
Transfer of the balance of property tax deductions for personal income tax to previous tax periods.
A pensioner who has purchased any real estate can compensate for part of the expenses incurred. He has the right to receive property deductions for expenses on the acquisition (or construction) of a residential building, apartment, or room. The deduction also applies to the payment of interest on targeted loans and borrowings that the pensioner took out for these purposes. The deduction is provided for three tax periods preceding the period in which the carryover balance of property deductions was formed (clause 10 of Article 220 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation).
A tax deduction can also be obtained if the house (apartment) was purchased together with another owner. That is, the pensioner has a share allocated.
The benefit also applies to the purchase of a plot of land, although not just any one, but one registered for individual housing construction. A garden plot or piece of land used for a vegetable garden is not subject to this provision of the law. But the land plot on which the residential building you are purchasing is located (or a share in it) can be declared and you can get part of the money spent back.
The amount of property deduction for expenses for the acquisition (construction) of housing and deduction for expenses for paying interest on a loan taken for the acquisition (construction) of housing cannot exceed 2 million rubles and 3 million rubles, respectively (clause 1, clause 3, Clause 4 of Article 220 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation).
It is important to know! "Plank" of 3 million rubles. property tax deduction for expenses on paying interest on a housing (construction) loan is established only for loans received from January 1, 2014 (clause 4 of article 2 of Law dated July 23, 2013 N 212-FZ).
Not everyone knows this, and, having reached retirement age and received a pension, they continue to regularly pay receipts for property taxes sent by the tax office. In fact, according to the law, the state no longer takes such payments from pensioners.
The benefit is received by pensioners (even working ones) who own a residential house, apartment, room, dacha, garage, other building, premises and structure. As in the case of a tax deduction, zero property tax is also established if a citizen has a registered share in the right of common property (Clause 2 of Article 4 of the Law of December 9, 1991 N 2003-1).
It is quite easy to get rid of the obligation to pay property tax annually: a document on the right to benefits (in other words, a pension certificate) must be personally submitted to the tax office (clause 1 of Article 5 of the Law of December 9, 1991 N2003-1). When going to the tax office, take with you not only your passport and pension certificate, but also a copy of the document.
If a pensioner submitted the necessary documents to the tax service later than the date of retirement, the tax authorities must recalculate the tax paid and return the money.
Exemption of part of income from income tax (NDFL). Not subject to personal income tax:
Benefits for paying certain taxes for pensioners may be established by regional or local legislation. We are talking about “local” taxes; the tax rate (whether the exemption will be full or at a reduced rate) is approved by regional and local authorities.
What taxes does this apply to:
Working retirees also have some advantages. For example, an employer is obliged, based on an employee’s application, to provide him with leave without pay (Article 128 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation).
The amount of such leave (the maximum number of days provided during the year) depends on the category of the pensioner:
Since 2013, citizens who have reached retirement age, but do not want to interrupt their active life, can contact the employment service and undergo advanced training in their field. You can also learn another profession: undergo retraining and retraining. The service is provided free of charge.
Targeted financial assistance is provided to citizens, including pensioners, who are in difficult life situations. The law stipulates that such assistance can be received not only in the form of money. You can get food, sanitation and hygiene products, clothing, shoes and other essential items. The law also provides for the provision of fuel, as well as special vehicles, technical means for the rehabilitation of disabled people and persons in need of external care (clause 1 of article 8 of the Law of December 10, 1995 N 195-FZ).
The regions are responsible for such assistance. At the local level, depending on the available opportunities, the types and amounts of support and the conditions for receiving it are stipulated in special documents. Therefore, when asking for help, you should first ask for a regulatory act that regulates the provision of targeted assistance where you live.
The grounds and procedure for providing targeted financial assistance are provided for by the legislation of the constituent entities of Russia (that is, each region adopts its own law) (Clause 2 of Article 8 of the Law of December 10, 1995 N 195-FZ).
Targeted support is not easy to get. It’s not for nothing that regulatory documents contain a clause about “difficult life situations.” What does this mean? Request for help may be caused, in particular, by such emergency circumstances as a natural disaster (flood, earthquake, landslide), fire, flooding of an apartment, theft of property, death of close relatives, etc. (clause 3 of the Regulations; clause 1 of the Procedure; clause 9 of the Rules).
The rules for financial support of social programs in the regions (see Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of June 10, 2011 N 456) provide for the financing of expenses (providing one-time financial assistance) to reimburse the expenses incurred by a pensioner for the gasification of his home. The benefit applies to non-working pensioners who own a residential building. This house must be their only place of residence (clause 9 of the Rules).
Such assistance is provided by regional authorities to non-working pensioners who receive an old-age and disability pension. This could be a ministry, department or committee for social protection of the population of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation. Assistance is provided through subsidies from the Pension Fund budget if the region has adopted a social program for gasification in rural areas.
As a rule, the full amount of the cost of connecting gas to the house is not refunded: part of the costs is borne by the pensioner himself. What share of the payment can be reimbursed to him is decided by each region.
Elderly people have the right to receive medical care not only in the general network of clinics and hospitals, but also in gerontological centers and geriatric offices. The procedure for referring patients to these organizations is established by the regions.
In addition, older people who have disabilities and have not refused a set of social services have the right to receive preferential medications. The current list of medicines includes 360 names of medicines provided as part of outpatient care, of which 228 names (63%) are vital and essential medicines (see orders of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia dated September 18, 2006 N 665 and December 29 2004 N 328).
Disabled veterans also have the right to free sanatorium vouchers. Patients also undergo after-care and rehabilitation in sanatoriums within the framework of territorial programs after high-tech treatment.
Since 2013, older citizens (from 60 to 99 years old) must undergo medical examination (see order of the Ministry of Health of Russia dated December 3, 2012 N 1006n). Medical examination is carried out once every 3 years, with the exception of disabled people of the Great Patriotic War, persons awarded the sign “Resident of besieged Leningrad” and recognized as disabled due to a general illness, work injury and other reasons. These groups undergo medical examination annually, regardless of age.
The National Vaccination Schedule states that citizens 60 years of age and older can get a flu shot every year. The start time for vaccination is announced every fall depending on the epidemiological situation in the region. To get vaccinated for free, you need to contact your local doctor at the clinic at your place of residence.
Officials make decisions to provide financial assistance (or to refuse) within the time limits established in a particular region. So, for example, in Moscow a month is allotted for this (clauses 3, 4 of the Regulations), and in the Moscow region - 10 working days from the date of the pensioner’s application, however, this period can be extended by decision of the head of the territorial unit to 25 working days (clause 6 Order). The day of application is considered to be the day the territorial unit or multifunctional center receives the application and documents. If the documents were sent by mail, the counting begins from the day they were received by the social security authority.
When you receive a notice of financial assistance, you need to contact the organization that you indicated to receive the money: a social security unit, a post office or a bank. If you are refused, you need to contact the medical department or multifunctional center to find out the reason for this decision. You may need to provide any additional documents or information to give officials a chance to reconsider the decision.
Dear readers, it often happens that officials do not always react to publications on the Internet - they say, you never know who wrote what and where. Therefore, when demanding yours, refer to official documents: this will make it easier to break through the wall of bureaucracy.
When retiring, Russians are not always aware of possible benefits. In many cases, the declarative principle applies to receiving preferences from the state. This means that if a pensioner does not claim certain privileges and does not apply for them, then such benefits do not automatically apply to the person.
Among other options, benefits for pensioners are provided in the form of exemption from certain taxes. A citizen, while retired, can take advantage of tax advantages and a kind of financial assistance for the elderly.
Type of tax |
The essence of tax privilege |
Personal income tax (income) |
|
For property |
Exemption of all pensioners, non-working and continuing to work, from property tax on one piece of real estate (house, apartment, dacha, outbuilding of a personal subsidiary plot with an area of up to 50 m², garage). |
Land |
Benefits are established by regional authorities and vary in different areas. |
Transport |
Russians of retirement age who want to continue working can improve their skills, learn a new profession or learn how to use a computer. This opportunity is provided by the employment service. Retraining services are free. To receive benefits, a non-working pensioner must contact the Employment Center at their place of residence.
The benefit is targeted in nature and is provided by local authorities at the level of constituent entities of the Russian Federation if it is provided for by the social programs of a particular region.
Social benefits for pensioners are provided in the following forms:
Assistance is allocated after a personal application through the social security authorities at the place of registration of the elderly Russian, where a decision is made on the form and volume of assistance provided. For Moscow, financial assistance varies from 5,000 to 50,000 rubles, and the average amount is 8,000 rubles.
Elderly retired Russians who do not work and live in the Far North (equivalent areas) are additionally provided with compensation for expenses when paying for tickets to their vacation destination and back. Such travel benefits are provided to pensioners once every 2 years and exclusively for movement within the country. There are two options for receiving benefits from the Pension Fund:
Vacation benefits extend not only to travel: there are social vouchers to sanatoriums for retirees. To receive them, you must be placed on a special queue with the preliminary submission of a medical certificate about the need for sanatorium-resort recovery and treatment. Labor veterans are usually given preference in the queue.
Retired Russians can get a free flu vaccination every year. The benefit in the form of a flu shot is relevant and in demand in old age. This medical service is available free of charge to persons over 60 years of age. You must inform your local doctor at the clinic where the citizen is served at his place of residence that you want to get vaccinated against influenza.
For working pensioners, the state provides a benefit in the form of the opportunity to take additional vacation days. The employer will be obliged to send such a retired employee on leave without pay based on the application. The duration of annual leave (maximum days per year) is determined by the social categories of the older worker:
Today, almost every grocery store and supermarket offers senior citizens a discount upon presentation of their pension certificate. The size of the discount varies from store to store and may further vary by hour and day of the week (as, for example, in the Pyaterochka chain). Industrial and household goods stores also provide pension bonuses and discounts. The main thing is for an elderly person not to forget to inquire about their availability.
Benefits are provided to pensioners for gasification of housing, subject to the following circumstances:
There are many museums in large cities where pensioner visitors have free entry at specific times, hours, and days. You can find out about them on official websites, social networks on the pages of museums, or inquire by phone. On the Day of the Elderly, for this category of citizens, all museums are freely accessible, without paying for a visit.
Benefits for older people are provided in such areas of life as social, pension, tax, housing, labor, where they are regulated at all levels of government provision. Citizens who have reached retirement age need to know what benefits are available to old-age pensioners.
Not all people in Russia retire when they reach a certain age. In the practice of assigning payments, there are many cases when citizens establish a pension ahead of schedule: for length of service, during upbringing, during work of a harmful nature, while conducting professional activities in the regions of the North.
The state provides the following benefits for pensioners working after receiving a pension:
ATTENTION! To recalculate payments annually, a citizen does not need to contact a government agency every year; specialists carry out this procedure automatically.
For non-working citizens who, due to age or health status, do not carry out professional activities, benefits are provided to old-age pensioners. Age pensioners are entitled to:
IMPORTANT! When contacting the authorities involved in establishing payments (tax office, social security authorities, administration), confirmation of status and submission of copies of documents with an application containing a request to receive benefits is required.
The exception is medical institutions where it is required to show identification. Specialists are focused on prompt assistance and reception.
The payment for the monthly maintenance of a citizen who has reached the age of retirement is calculated taking into account his work and insurance experience and earnings. Not all people applying for payments have high rates, which is necessary for decent financial support from the Pension Fund.
The state supports these citizens and provides some additional payments to the pension so that its level corresponds to the subsistence level. Article 12.1 of Law No. 178 regulating the basis for the provision of social assistance, speaks of the following additional payments:
Their sizes are revised in connection with changes in the cost of living in each region.
The list of benefits for pensioners includes a procedure that makes it possible to save on utility bills; it is implemented in the form. Persons whose expenses for the amenities provided to them amount to more than 22% of the monthly pension can apply. In order to receive it, you need:
If there are two potential recipients living in a family, then the calculation is made based on the total total income and expenses.
Preferential conditions for older people are determined at the level of federal legislation, but at the regional level additional benefits can be established that enable citizens to maintain a high-quality and adequate standard of living.
Since pensioners are one of the most vulnerable social segments of the population, the state makes every effort to create comfortable conditions for their existence in modern society. Much attention in work in this area is paid to various benefits intended for use exclusively by pensioners. Undoubtedly, the main right of pensioners is to receive a pension. Read more about the procedure and conditions for assigning pensions in our section.
A separate item of all available benefits for people of retirement age is the category that continues to work actively, due to which it receives certain benefits, which include the following:
Tax deductions for pensioners when purchasing real estate
Secondly, the benefits associated with real estate include the transfer of balances of property deductions for personal income tax to previous tax periods.
The essence of this benefit is that if a pensioner legally owns a built or purchased residential building, room, apartment, or is a shared owner of an apartment, as well as a plot of land on which a house has already been built, or it is provided for these purposes. Then he may demand payment of a property deduction for expenses related to the construction of real estate, as well as payment of interest accrued on certain loans taken for appropriate purposes, for 3 tax periods that go before the period in which the directly transferable balance from property is formed deductions.
Another category of benefits related to real estate, namely premises intended for permanent residence, can be called the benefit of receiving gas and heat at the expense of the state. In accordance with certain social programs for the financial support of each region separately, they include the provision of one-time financial assistance to pensioners in terms of reimbursement of money spent on gasification of their homes.
In order to receive such a payment, certain conditions must be met, which include:
To receive this financial assistance, you must contact the regional executive authority. This may be a regional ministry or department, as well as a committee for social protection of the population of constituent entities of the Russian Federation, which is responsible for the implementation of this law. It is also worth noting that such assistance can only be received in the region of the Russian Federation in which there is a social program for general gasification in rural areas. The amount of payment that is returned to the pensioner almost never covers 100% of expenses and is calculated by each region independently. At best it's 50%.
Other types of benefits for pensioners
In addition to everything described above, pensioners in some regions have a preferential system for paying for travel on public transport, utilities, purchasing any medicines, etc., based on local and regional regulations.
Also, the law provides for a program of so-called targeted assistance for all regions, which is aimed at people who find themselves in difficult life situations, including pensioners. In accordance with the law, it can be expressed in certain monetary amounts, for example, in the provision of food, clothing, footwear, personal hygiene and sanitation, and other essential items. In addition to basic necessities, in certain cases this may include fuel or the provision of a specialized vehicle or technical means for the rehabilitation of a person who requires constant care.
Responsibility for providing assistance of this kind lies with the regions individually. In order to obtain it, you must be truly in emergency circumstances, the list of which is regulated not only by general provisions for all regions, but there are also local regional lists. They also stipulate such points as documents confirming the right of a pensioner or other person to receive such benefits, their amounts, types and much more.
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are provided for both in federal legislation and in the laws of constituent entities of the Russian Federation. In order to use them, the pensioner only needs to present a pension certificate to the tax office.
The system of social support for the population dates back to Soviet times. For certain categories of citizens, benefits were provided as incentives and incentives. In particular, this applies to pensioners.
Despite the fact that pensions are constantly indexed, sometimes these measures do not help raise the standard of living of this category of citizens to a decent level. Therefore, pensioners have always been one of the most vulnerable categories in social terms.
Pensioners can enjoy the following benefits:
All benefits, except tax ones, are assigned by the social protection authorities at the place of residence. If we are talking about various tax deductions, then the pensioner decides this issue at the tax office.
You won’t get much from the state, especially since in 2014 there was a tendency to cancel some benefits or reduce payments for them, but, nevertheless, you should know what you are entitled to.
It should be noted that all benefits are assigned on an application basis; If you do not come with the appropriate application and pension certificate to the government authority, you will be left without benefits.
The legislation of the Russian Federation provides for the following tax benefits for pensioners:
But in this case there are restrictions on the amount of deduction. If we are talking about the construction or purchase of real estate, then the deduction can be made in an amount of no more than 2 million rubles. If we are talking about a loan taken for the purchase (construction) of housing, then the deduction is made based on the amount of 3 million rubles. (we are talking about loans taken after 01/01/2014).
The following income is not subject to personal income tax:
Don't know your rights?
Regulatory acts of the subject may establish additional tax benefits for pensioners for the following taxes:
In addition to tax benefits, pensioners have the right to receive other benefits, in particular:
For participants of the Great Patriotic War - for 35 calendar days a year.
Disabled pensioners - 60 days a year.
Old age pensioners - 14 days a year.
Federal laws may establish other cases of granting unpaid leave to pensioners.
This compensation is provided only to non-working disability or old-age pensioners living in the Far North and equivalent areas.
Compensation is paid by the pension fund authorities once every 2 years, either in cash or by purchasing tickets.
This benefit is provided for by the Federal Law “On State Social Assistance”. This payment stops if the pensioner starts working. To receive it, a pensioner must contact the social security authorities at their place of residence.
The laws of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation may provide other benefits for old-age pensioners, in particular, this may concern the payment of compensation to the place of travel to sanatorium-resort treatment and back, reimbursement of costs for the purchase of fuel in houses with stove heating, etc.
In particular, in the Moscow region there is a cost reimbursement benefit for pensioners living alone or families consisting of pensioners to pay for telephony services.
There are social support measures such as the provision of social worker services for pensioners living alone.
Despite the fact that tax benefits are established by federal law, many pensioners simply do not know about them. And if we are talking about regional regulatory legal acts, then in this case it becomes even more difficult, since they are not written about in the media or covered on television.
In order to receive complete information about everything that is owed to you, contact the social security authorities and the tax office at your place of residence for clarification.