Chinese experience of reforms: they have pensions, although not everyone has them. Old-age pension in China: retirement age, size and calculation features

In almost all countries it is customary to take care of the older generation. The state shows its concern by paying pensions and benefits. But do all states practice such a system? In particular, is there a pension system in China? Let's sort it out in order.

In the CIS countries, especially in Russia and Ukraine, the pension system has been functioning for quite a long time and is quite successful. Pensions are calculated according to the minimum subsistence level and length of service. But in China, the pension system is not sufficiently developed, so pension payments are here not many older people get paid . Most pensioners support their children. In the Celestial Empire, this practice is quite acceptable, because the young working generation should deal with financial issues and support their no longer young parents, who at one time put them on their feet.

Unlike Ukraine and Russia, where absolutely all citizens receive a pension, in China there are certain criteria by which pension payments are calculated:

• Work experience at a state or industrial enterprise;
• During work, payment of tax in the amount of 11% of the amount of income to the PRC pension fund;
• Work experience of at least 15 years;
• Conducting business activities.

And if one of the points is not observed, the state has every right to refuse to accrue pensions to its citizens. According to 2017 statistics, only every fourth resident of the Middle Kingdom falls under these characteristics. Most often, pensions are awarded to officials, managers, private entrepreneurs, industrial workers and residents of rural areas.

But here, too, there are some peculiarities: pension payments to city residents and residents of villages and towns are different. Pensioners who live in the city can receive accruals in the amount of 20 percent of their salary, but those living in villages will have to be content with only 10%. It is for this reason that in villages, older people, for the most part, are in the care of their children and grandchildren.

As for the retirement age, for men it is 60 years old, and for women 50 or 55. It depends on the type of activity. For example, if a woman worked for 15 years in an office, then her retirement age is 55. And if her workplace was a plant or factory, and also interacted with chemical, radioactive or simply harmful substances to human health, then she has every right retire at the age of 50.

On average, the pension in China is 900-1300 yuan for city residents and 50-100 yuan for rural residents. While the cost of living in China is 1,500 yuan. It turns out that with the money allocated by the state, elderly people cannot live even for a month even at the level of minimal needs, not to mention tours in Europe and vacations in Bali, as pensioners in Germany, for example, can afford.

It is also not uncommon for Chinese enterprises, and not the state, to pay pension benefits to their former employees. How does this happen? The percentage that should go from wages to the State Pension Fund accumulates in the account of the enterprise itself. And upon retirement, the employee calmly receives payments from the same tax savings. A fairly convenient and well-thought-out system, if, of course, the employer treats his employees honestly and conscientiously.

The issue of pensions in China was raised so urgently due to an “unexpected” demographic problem - the aging population. Due to the policy of the 80s of the 20th century “one family - one child”, the number of elderly people significantly exceeded the number of young people (under 14 years old). The actions and reforms of previous politicians have created considerable problems for modern managers. After all, it turns out that people will retire, but will not fall under the criteria for calculating payments - there will be no one to support them. Consequently, such people will find themselves in a very difficult situation.

Some children decide to send their elderly parents to a nursing home, where they will be “better.” Of course, nursing homes in China differ from similar organizations in the CIS countries, but you must agree, nowhere can be better than at home with your family. Moreover, keeping one person in a Chinese nursing home costs about 3,000 yuan, which is a decent amount.

But, even despite such a sad financial situation, Chinese pensioners do not get upset or depressed. They are not yet in a hurry to turn into grumpy grandmothers or sedentary grandfathers. Elderly Chinese find plenty of things to do.

Firstly, there is more time for family. After all, during working hours, it is simply impossible to pay due attention to children and relatives. People in China are so workaholic that they rarely even take their own vacation. Therefore, after retirement, they find a lot of time to walk with their children, play with their grandchildren and meet with friends and acquaintances.

Secondly, anyone who has been to the Middle Kingdom at least once has probably seen these cheerful pensioners on the sports fields. It feels like their life is just beginning and it’s time to prepare for the sports Olympics. Their agility, stretch and endurance can be the envy of any young European. After all, you and I spend most of our time sitting at the computer. Or maybe it would be worth following the example of Chinese pensioners and at least once going out to the sports ground or stadium near their home?

And finally, the most interesting thing. In large cities, there are many different social and cultural organizations created specifically for older people, where, with the help of volunteers, they can engage in a wide variety of activities from landscaping and gardening to playing the violin and painting with watercolors.

The difficult political situation in China in the last century has made life very difficult for today's retirees. Erroneous reforms and illiterate management have led to the fact that the majority receive tiny old-age pensions, without benefits and indulgences.

Country pension system

Until the middle of the last century, social life in the Middle Kingdom was chaotic. Old people unable to work were placed under the care of adult children, which has been a traditional way of life for many centuries. Young people took on the bulk of the worries.

After the revolution in the country, when the People's Republic of China was formed, reforms also came with the new government. One of them was a pension, according to which a citizen of the country has the right to regular payments. However, not everything is as simple as it seems.

*In order to receive a pension in old age, you had to work for at least 15 years in a state enterprise or in the army.

The modern pension insurance reform provides for payments to the following groups of citizens:

• Civil servants.
• Workers of industrial enterprises.
• Peasants.
• Entrepreneurs and their employees.

A striking feature of the Chinese pension system is the difference in the amount of payments for different groups of citizens.

From what age

The amendments adopted in 1978 are still in effect in China. They contain information about the minimum retirement age in China. It was stated that only men who retire over 60 years of age and women over 55 years of age can receive regular payments.

The following amendments were in effect for civil servants, employees of municipal institutions and party offices:

• Citizens who have worked for at least 10 full years and have reached the nominal retirement age have the right to receive payments.
• For employees of enterprises with at least 10 years of work experience in conditions hazardous to health, the age has been reduced to 55 for men and 45 for women.
• Everyone else, namely:
• Private entrepreneurs and their employees.
• Hired employees.
• Other official employees.

You must work for at least 15 years, regularly contributing part of your salary to the pension fund. The retirement age for such groups of citizens is nominal.

The main problem in China today is the short-sighted “One Family, One Child” policy. Its purpose was the government's demographic control over the country's birth rate when it was increasing too quickly. It has led to the fact that today there are only two taxpayers per pensioner, from whose taxes money goes to pay for pensions. And every year the situation is aggravated by the fact that the number of elderly people is growing faster than the number of working Chinese.

Because of this, the Minister of Labor put forward a proposal to increase the retirement age of the population. According to Yin Weimin, Minister of Social Protection, the average life expectancy of the population has increased from 50 to 70 years. Due to this, there is a failure in the country's demographic policy.

Who receives old age pension

A population census conducted in China showed how many people receive a pension. Almost every fourth citizen of the country receives old age or health benefits. If we take into account the conditions for receiving social assistance: Men leave after 60 or after 55 years, taking into account working conditions, and women leave after 55, 45 years, and subject to working for 10-15 years, then you can see that the majority of the population is elderly age.

It is worth considering that they have been working all their lives without contributing money to the pension fund. Because of this, they do not receive help.

China's pension system makes a distinction for people living in cities and villages. So if payments to city residents amount to 20% of the minimum wage of the city where they worked, then rural residents receive only 10%. The state does not invest in providing for citizens, so all funds are taken from the fund, into which regular contributions were made in the amount of 8% of the monthly salary, plus 3% is paid by the employer.

Due to the shortage of the younger generation, the situation in the country cannot improve. The too rapid aging of the population shows why it is difficult to level out the situation, despite the reforms being introduced.

An established tradition in China, according to which children look after their elderly, helps to cope with this situation in the country. This makes it possible to strengthen family ties between residents of cities and villages.

Most pensioners do not receive pensions that reach the subsistence level. This indicates that the system is not capable of coping with the problem in the country, and radically new methods need to be applied.

Pension amount

The modern system is based on the employee's monthly contribution to the fund. The size of this contribution can reach 20% of salary. Of this, 8% is paid by the employee himself, and the remaining 12% is required to be paid by the employer. Increased investment amounts should make it possible to close the gap in the budget caused by the demographic problem.

In 2018, the Chinese government decided to increase the minimum payments for civil servants and employees of independent enterprises. Payments will be increased by 5.5% compared to 2017. The change will affect the entire territory of the country, cities and villages.

The size of the pension in China is influenced by the locality in which the person works. So, a resident of a small village is paid 618 yuan (6180 in rubles). The same pensioner living in a large metropolis, Shanghai, will receive 7 times more, namely 3500+ yuan. Why such injustice? But if you take into account the difference in prices for utilities and food, everything falls into place.

*Residents of medium-sized cities with a population of less than 10 million are paid 2,000 yuan (20,000 in rubles) per month.

Number of pensioners in the country

The problem of a large number of old people is becoming more acute for the state apparatus. A large number of elderly people who need financial assistance can no longer rely on the tax contributions of the working population due to its sharp reduction. After the UN summit in Japan, it is known that in China the number of retirees is 10% of the population. If we take into account that the number of children under 14 years of age is around 30%, then it can be argued that there are extremely few able-bodied citizens in the country.

The problem cannot be solved by the 180 million elderly population who need social security from the state. A huge share of the budget goes only to paying the minimum number of obligations. Despite the fact that the government is organizing actions aimed at regulating the birth rate, the process of population aging is proceeding faster and faster.

How old people live in China

The difference between the worldview of Chinese pensioners and the old people of Japan and Europe is their traditional way of life. By nature, they are less demanding of material goods. For them, retirement is ideal for communicating with their relatives and friends. The responsibility of children to look after their parents allows them not to stress over life and household details.

They can do with a clear conscience what they could not do while they were constantly working. Many, after retirement, begin to comprehend various Chinese ancient techniques, qigong or tai chi. Some continue to earn money even in retirement by working in the bazaar or weaving factories. For men, this is the ideal time to go fishing.

Benefits for pensioners

The negative side of the Chinese pension system is that the elderly are not given benefits. The Chinese government cannot afford to waste money on helping the elderly by giving them minimal cash payments.

In the current situation, many old people leave home and go to the southern regions. Necessary utilities are cheaper there, and food is generally much cheaper. Of course, they receive a pension strictly according to their registration. Children also try to provide for their parents by transferring them some money.

Prospects

In the coming years, the government intends to increase the minimum pension by increasing the retirement age for citizens by 5-10 years. This will increase the national average accrual that a pensioner will receive from 800 to 2,500 yuan.

In addition, it is planned to transfer a certain part of the mandatory payments to non-state funds. The main difference with such a system will be the increased annual growth on the deposit, which will provide increased payments upon reaching retirement age.

The Minister of Labor also made a statement about the need to competently inform the population in financial matters. People will be taught how to manage their money correctly. This should allow citizens to retire with accumulated funds.

It is simply impossible to introduce all the reforms today. Thus, modern Chinese analysts argue that there is a high probability of social unrest if the retirement age is increased. The main task for Chinese politicians is to raise the general standard of living of the population. This is done by creating new jobs and helping small businesses.

Bottom line

The situation in China is not the simplest. On the one hand, the population is aging too quickly and they need social assistance. On the other hand, there is nowhere to get money for this assistance, since the number of taxpayers is decreasing every year.

This problem is serious and must be addressed comprehensively. Radical measures to increase the retirement age should help restore the gap in the budget that provides for the elderly.

Issues of social and economic development are of interest not only to people associated with these areas, but also to ordinary citizens. For some, this information serves only to satisfy momentary interest, while for others, for example, those who want to move to a particular country, it can be extremely useful and important.

The question of whether there are pensions in China is especially acute, since the situation with overpopulation in the Middle Kingdom has long been known to everyone. As well as the fact that even such a large industrial state is unlikely to be able to fully provide for the lives of more than one and a half billion people. So how do the elderly and incapacitated categories of citizens live?

Population of China

Now the society of the Celestial Empire is going through hard times. And before we talk about whether there are pensions in China, it is worth touching on this sensitive aspect.

The main problem of this seemingly successful state is the age of its citizens: now about 15% of residents have already crossed the 65-year mark. Taking into account the fact that the number of children does not reach this figure, the population of the Celestial Empire is old.

Thus, the standard of living in economically developed China is now quite low. Due to the total number of elderly people (about 200 million), the state, of course, cannot pay everyone.

Are there pensions in China?

The answer, oddly enough, is positive. But even here there are some nuances, since the Celestial Empire does not have an established pension system. The state is just thinking about its implementation, but to date there have been no visible changes.

Do people with disabilities receive pensions in China?

The only type of payment that we can talk about with confidence is financial assistance to disabled people. The Institute of Social Security for them was organized quite a long time ago and did not cease its activities even due to the overpopulation of the country. The standard of living of disabled people in China improves every year: they do not experience problems with social adaptation and are freed from the obligation to support poor relatives.

Who is entitled to receive payments?

So, having dealt with the question of whether there are pensions in China, we can move on to the next point, namely: who receives payments from the state? They are paid to a few, only to citizens of the appropriate age who worked in certain areas:

• state;
• industrial;
• economic (management).

To receive a pension, you only need to have at least 15 years of experience and contribute 11% of your salary to the appropriate fund. However, there remain citizens who occupy other positions or live in rural areas. Do pensioners in China pay pensioners? Unfortunately, until 2009 the answer was no. They have nothing to contribute to specialized funds, and their work does not belong to the public sphere.

How does the Chinese pension system work?

Each person holding a position in one of the above areas contributes 11% of their salary. Of these, 7% is sent by the employer, and 4% is transferred by the employee himself. This happens at the time the money is credited to the employee’s account and is not agreed upon with him. Sometimes pension savings are accumulated directly at the enterprise itself, which monthly transfers the required amount to the departing employee.

The Fund has the right to invest stored funds in various enterprises in order to increase them. Every citizen can count on the fact that after retirement he will receive exactly the amount that he invested from his salary. If necessary, funds are indexed for inflation, so older people who leave the workplace remain confident that they will be able to at least feed themselves, albeit without excesses.

Payment amount

Readers of the article already know whether there is an old-age pension in China; all that remains is to talk about its size. It is approximately 20% of the average salary in the region + an additional payment from a savings account of about 60% of the employee’s last pay.

On average, the size of a pension in China ranges from 900 to 1300 yuan (~8400-12300 rubles) with a cost of living from 1500 to 3450 monetary units (~1400-32200 rubles). Moreover, elderly people without disabilities do not have any benefits, so they can only rely on their family.

Villager

As previously mentioned, until 2009, peasants did not even know about the existence of pensions, so their only support was really only their children. Young people went to cities, where wages were often higher than income from the sale of agricultural crops.

However, even after the introduction of pension payments, the situation changed little, because the monthly amount of these accruals amounted to no more than 10% of the profit brought by the peasants. Ordinary village residents who grow vegetables and fruits for themselves are not at all included in the group of those in need of material support - according to the state, they are able to feed themselves.

Life of old people in the Middle Kingdom

Due to the current situation, older people generally do not care whether they receive a pension in China, since the amount does not fully cover expenses. For this reason, couples always try to have a child who will become their breadwinner in the future. However, due to a program introduced by the state designed to reduce population growth, there can only be one in a family.

In the society of the Celestial Empire, it is generally accepted that a young man will achieve much greater success in his career, so the birth of girls is avoided if possible by terminating the pregnancy at a period that allows the gender to be determined. This policy leads to an unequal ratio of women and men in the country - the number of the latter is growing rapidly. In addition, not every couple is able to conceive a male child, and sometimes the woman is completely infertile.

It is this desperate measure of the state that leads to the rapid aging of the population. It also forces one to violate the main ethical rule of the Celestial Empire, according to which a child is obliged to take care of his parents. Unfortunately, in the current demographic situation, it is very difficult to support a family and parents alone. Only the most dedicated children, ready to work tirelessly, are capable of this.

Therefore, it is not so important whether they pay an old-age pension in China, the main thing is to have strong family relationships. Apparently, only they are able to save older people from poverty.

In almost all countries of the world, authorities are concerned that their elderly citizens can receive pension payments and count on all sorts of benefits and allowances. But it is difficult to compare how Russians live in old age and pensioners in China, since in the latter case, even in 2019, many Chinese do not receive it at all and they have to rely on their grown children or get out in other ways.

Everyone needs to know about these points, especially if they have the desire.

How does the pension reform work in China today, and what is the old-age pension in China for different segments of the population?

In general, in China, depending on the region, unlike, for example, the old-age pension can have different sizes, the same applies to the place of work and residence. Urban residents, for example, receive payments in the amount of 20% of the average salary in the region or province, while the rural population can count on payment of no more than 10%. This is due to the fact that the rural worker does not pay any contributions and, as a result, does not have the labor part of the pension payments. The size of the pension may depend on various factors, for example:

• region of residence and work;
• work experience (at least 15 years);
• professions;
• average salary level.

There may be other factors that affect pensions in the future, since there is no general pension throughout the country, so it is difficult to say what the average pension in China is. These figures can range from 600 to 1500 yuan, in some cases as low as 50-odd yuan. As for preferential categories and allowances, this is not provided for pensioners in the country.

Pension crisis

Today, China's pension system is in a difficult situation, this is largely due to the once-promoted political doctrine of “one child per family.” And because, on average, the life expectancy of Chinese people in the country has increased.

It is impossible to even compare how many of the population are Russian pensioners in Russia and Chinese in their homeland, because there are already more of them than the entire population of the Russian Federation combined, and so far there are more and more of them every year. Thus, the Chinese nation is aging, and this puts great pressure on the economy, because each young employee makes pension contributions, which are distributed among several people.

Expert forecasts agree that by mid-century there will be fewer than 2 able-bodied Chinese per pensioner, so the authorities are considering increasing the retirement age by five years. But there is another reason that complicates the situation with pensions: the Chinese are distrustful of all kinds of funds.

The population prefers to keep savings at home, despite the fact that there are fines for this and constant monitoring is carried out. Many organizations also try by all means to hide their full income from the authorities. All this has led to pension funds losing billions of money every year.

There is also a problem in the work of government agencies dealing with pension issues, as the number of people retiring in China is steadily increasing. They do not have time to cope with such a quantity, so the authorities are also planning to carry out reforms in this sector.

Finding a solution to the pension crisis

Despite the difficulties, the categories of elderly citizens who can count on financial support have expanded significantly. The Chinese authorities have the following plans for implementation in the near future:

• elimination of “hukou” - this system assumes the size of an old man’s pension depending on the province in which he lives, even if he worked in a region with a higher regional salary (this will help villagers who were city workers receive a higher pension);
• minimize and equalize the difference between the pension budgets of different regions of the country, since it is now incredibly huge;
• connect city and village funds for social protection of citizens, and also increase the number of funds;
• eliminate the difference between pensions for employees of state and private enterprises;
• try to create the most convenient working conditions, so that employees are motivated to delay retirement as long as possible;
• make more payments to employees’ personal accounts.

Decentralization was also undertaken, which significantly reduced corruption in this area. Now decisions on the calculation of pensions are made by local governments in each province, and not by the national authorities.

According to the government, the process will be lengthy, but the equalization of payments for urban pensioners and residents of rural areas will lead to stabilization over time, so the size of the pension in China will be equal without strong gaps, because for a citizen it will not make much difference where exactly to live and work activity.

Despite the fact that many people in the country do not receive pensions, this is more familiar to them and their life is in some ways easier, since traditions in the country play a huge role and children always try their best to support their elderly parents. With retirement, they feel free and, with a sense of accomplishment, devote themselves completely to their hobbies, self-improvement; by the way, they really like to dance in the evening. In general, everyone lives their time in this world with pleasure without unnecessary worries, devoting more time to grandchildren, relatives, meetings with acquaintances and friends.

How much do Chinese pensioners receive?

How the pension system works in modern China

A misconception is often repeated about China that pensions are not paid in the Middle Kingdom. It is a myth. Another thing is that the Chinese pension system, aimed at covering all categories of citizens, and not the privileged layer of “old Bolsheviks,” began to take shape relatively recently - from the mid-nineties. RG found out how pensioners in China live, where they get the money to travel, and whether children continue to take care of their elderly parents, as Confucius bequeathed.

Rely on your son

Just twenty years ago, the Chinese had to rely exclusively on their children in old age, which was not easy under the previous “one family, one child” policy. Therefore, in villages, they often tried to circumvent the state ban on the birth of a second and even third child: fines from poor peasants were still not collected, the offspring grew up like grass in a field, and then began to support their parents. But if back in the eighties, urban residents made up about 20 percent of the PRC population, today this figure is approaching 60 percent. These changes forced the government to reconsider its pension policy. The reform began in 1997 - then the State Council of the People's Republic of China made a fundamental decision to introduce a basic pension system for employees of state-owned enterprises. Today, men stop working at the age of 60, women - from 50 or 55 years, depending on the type of employment in production or in the office. And these figures are in line with the average retirement threshold across Asia.

In China, there are three types of pensions, Alexey Maslov, Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Head of the School of Oriental Studies at the National Research University Higher School of Economics, told RG. The most common pension is generally similar to ours - it is formed from citizen contributions in the form of deductions from salary. The employee transfers 8 percent of the amount to the pension fund, and another 20 percent - his employer. In addition, each person can open their own savings account. There are other additional mechanisms for funding pensions - for example, through the National Social Security Fund. The second type of pension is received by officials - they are paid extra by the state. Several years ago, civil servants who left work at a certain age lived off the state treasury. But after a wave of protests spread on the Internet, their pension income also began to be formed largely through contributions. Finally, peasants who do not have a special income, as well as unemployed urban residents, receive a minimum allowance from the state. Today it averages 600-700 yuan (about 5600-6500 rubles) across the country, but in some places it already reaches 1200 yuan (11,200 rubles). Pension funds in China are formed at the regional level. The difference in pensions for residents of relatively prosperous Shanghai and the poor Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region can be eightfold. If we talk about the average ordinary - not "collective farm" - pension, then, according to calculations for 2018, it is approximately 2,550 yuan (23,700 rubles).

Old age is a joy

“Since the standard of living and pensions in the regions are different, an interesting trend has emerged: many old people registered in one province tend to move either to the south, where it is warm and cheap, or, conversely, to the interior of the country, where there are serious tax breaks. And pensions they receive it based on their registration,” says the sinologist. At the same time, according to Alexei Maslov, over the past two or three years, nursing homes have begun to appear in China almost on the Western model, where social workers take care of pensioners at a quite decent level instead of their own children, who do not have such an opportunity.

“Traditional values ​​are gradually being destroyed,” notes the head of the HSE School of Oriental Studies. “Although, of course, children continue to support their parents. Mostly they send money to the village, but often they transport mothers and fathers to the city. They can live together in the old fashioned way, or they can rent an apartment for parents nearby. Moreover, there are social forms of renting housing for older people. But not everyone wants to move. In the south of China, I discovered a giant settlement in barracks where dozens of elderly people live. They explained to me that they are simply used to living like this. , and the money that the children send them is quite enough.” In addition, Chinese pensioners enjoy many benefits: they are provided with free medical care (including various types of acupuncture and massage), visits to diagnostic rooms that are equipped in each district, the right to eat in public canteens for a symbolic fee - upon registration, free visits to museums and qigong and tai chi classes in the parks. The demands of Chinese pensioners are small. And benefits from travel agencies allow them to travel around the world. It is not for nothing that Chinese pensioners have recently been seen abroad no less often than Japanese ones.

Age debate

“The aging of China’s population is happening faster than pension funds are growing,” explains Alexey Maslov. “It is expected that in 2050 the army of unemployed citizens over 60 years of age will amount to almost 335 million people. Even earlier - by 2030 - the pension fund’s debt to them will reach several billions of dollars, this is officially recognized." So is it inevitable to raise the retirement age in China? The first discussions began about three years ago. There were rumors that the bar for all residents of the Middle Kingdom - both men and women - would be raised to 65 years. However, many experts believe that an increase will not happen. “China is terribly afraid of unemployment,” recalls RG’s interlocutor. “Now it is decreasing precisely due to the fact that people are retiring early. Officially, its level does not exceed 4 percent, but hidden unemployment is much higher. We must not forget that China Basically, it continues to live due to the extensive development of the workforce. If in Germany there are 4-5 people per unit of robotics, then in China - 10 thousand! But the situation is gradually changing, and with structural reforms, unemployment may increase. On the other hand, These same reforms in the economy will lead to an increase in money in the country’s pension fund and an increase in pensions.”

Verbatim

So said Confucius

The teacher said: “At fifteen I turned my thoughts to study. At thirty I gained independence. At forty I freed myself from doubts. At fifty I knew the will of heaven. At sixty I learned to distinguish truth from falsehood. At seventy I began to follow the desires of my heart."

The teacher was asked about respect for parents. He replied: “Today, respect for parents is called keeping them. But people also keep dogs and horses. If you don’t honor your parents, then how will the attitude towards them differ from the attitude towards dogs and horses?”

While your parents are alive, don't go far.

From the book "Lun Yu" "Conversations and Judgments", compiled by students of Confucius.

Chinese proverbs about old age and filial duty

Go to bed hungry yourself, and feed the elders under your roof.

If there is an old person in the house, then there is a jewel in the house.

If small reserves of rice bran are made, then the old and young live in prosperity and good health.